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Mechanism and Function of Nascent Protein Modification in Bacteria

Citation

Yang, Chien-I (2023) Mechanism and Function of Nascent Protein Modification in Bacteria. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/qhz7-a383. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:07032022-182356199

Abstract

Newly synthesized proteins undergo multiple modifications to ensure proper biogenesis and acquire their functions. N-terminal methionine excision (NME), mediated by the sequential actions of peptide deformylase (PDF) and methionine aminopeptidase (MAP), is an essential and the most prevalent N-terminal protein modification in the bacterial proteome. Despite the extensive studies on enzymatic catalysis, how NME impacts various cellular functions and how the enzymes achieve timing and selectivity under complex cellular conditions have been long-standing puzzles.

In this work, we use a combination of biochemical analyses, computational modeling, and in vivo measurements to investigate the molecular mechanisms and physiological functions of cotranslational NME reactions. We show that the interactions between the ribosome, the nascent chain, the NME enzymes, and other ribosome-associated protein biogenesis factors dramatically remodel the kinetics and specificity of NME reactions under physiological conditions. In addition, we apply time-resolved, system-wide analyses on the translatome and steady-state proteome to study how the inhibition of PDF influences diverse cellular pathways in bacteria. The results unveil the impact of NME on the biogenesis of nascent proteins and highlight the role of the membrane in coupling the biochemical activities of NME enzymes to cellular physiology.

Item Type:Thesis (Dissertation (Ph.D.))
Subject Keywords:protein biogenesis; N-terminal protein modification; peptide deformylase; methionine aminopeptidase; ribosome
Degree Grantor:California Institute of Technology
Division:Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Major Option:Chemistry
Thesis Availability:Public (worldwide access)
Research Advisor(s):
  • Shan, Shu-ou
Thesis Committee:
  • Dougherty, Dennis A. (chair)
  • Hsieh-Wilson, Linda C.
  • Varshavsky, Alexander J.
  • Shan, Shu-ou
Defense Date:28 June 2022
Funders:
Funding AgencyGrant Number
NIHGM078024
NIHGM136321
Think Global Education TrustUNSPECIFIED
Record Number:CaltechTHESIS:07032022-182356199
Persistent URL:https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:07032022-182356199
DOI:10.7907/qhz7-a383
Related URLs:
URLURL TypeDescription
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1912264116DOIArticle adapted for Chapter 2.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2022.167535DOIArticle adapted for Chapter 3.
ORCID:
AuthorORCID
Yang, Chien-I0000-0001-8606-5013
Default Usage Policy:No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.
ID Code:14966
Collection:CaltechTHESIS
Deposited By: Chien I Yang
Deposited On:11 Jul 2022 23:18
Last Modified:18 Jul 2022 19:03

Thesis Files

[img] PDF - Final Version
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[img] MS Excel (Dataset 1) - Supplemental Material
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[img] MS Excel (Dataset 2) - Supplemental Material
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72kB
[img] MS Excel (Dataset 3) - Supplemental Material
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[img] MS Excel (Dataset 4) - Supplemental Material
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