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Published July 20, 1987 | public
Journal Article Open

Precision measurement beyond the shot-noise limit

Abstract

An improvement in precision beyond the limit set by the vacuum-state or zero-point fluctuations of the electromagnetic field is reported for the measurement of phase modulation in an optical interferometer. The experiment makes use of squeezed light to reduce the level of fluctuations below the shot-noise limit. An increase in the signal-to-noise ratio of 3.0 dB relative to the shot-noise limit is demonstrated, with the improvement currently limited by losses in propagation and detection and not by the degree of available squeezing.

Additional Information

©1987 The American Physical Society. Received 28 May 1987. This research was supported by the U. S. Office of Naval Research and by the Venture Research Unit of British Petroleum North America. We gratefully acknowledge the contributions of C. M. Caves, J. L. Hall, and G. Leuchs, and the technical assistance of S. Pereira to this research program.

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