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Published November 2004 | Published
Journal Article Open

Design of fully diverse multiple-antenna codes based on Sp(2)

Abstract

Fully diverse constellations, i.e., sets of unitary matrices whose pairwise differences are nonsingular, are useful in multiple-antenna communications, especially in multiple-antenna differential modulation, since they have good pairwise error properties. Recently, group theoretic ideas, especially fixed-point-free (fpf) groups, have been used to design fully diverse constellations of unitary matrices. Here we construct four-transmit-antenna constellations appropriate for differential modulation based on the symplectic group Sp(2). They can be regarded as extensions of Alamouti's celebrated two-transmit-antenna orthogonal design which can be constructed from the group Sp(1). We further show that the structure of Sp(2) codes lends itself to efficient maximum-likelihood (ML) decoding via the sphere decoding algorithm. Finally, the performance of Sp(2) codes is compared with that of other existing codes including Alamouti's orthogonal design, a 4/spl times/4 complex orthogonal design, Cayley differential unitary space-time codes and group-based codes.

Additional Information

© 2004 IEEE. Reprinted with permission. Manuscript received June 10, 2003; revised March 19, 2004. [Posted online: 2004-10-25] The work of Y. Jing was supported by an Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) Grant for MURI "Mathematical Infrastructure for Robust Virtual Engineering," URI "Protecting Infrastructures from Themselves," and Caltech's Lee Center for Advanced Networking. The work of B. Hassibi was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under Grant CCR-0133818, by the Office of Naval Research under Grant N00014-02-1-0578, and by Caltech's Lee Center for Advanced Networking.

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