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Published March 2008 | Published
Journal Article Open

Handheld forward-imaging needle endoscope for ophthalmic optical coherence tomography inspection

Abstract

We report the narrowest to-date (21 gauge, 820-µm-diam) handheld forward-imaging optical coherence tomography (OCT) needle endoscope and demonstrate its feasibility for ophthalmic OCT inspection. The probe design is based on paired-angle-rotation scanning (PARS), which enables a linear B-scan pattern in front of the probe tip by using two counterrotating angle polished gradient-index (GRIN) lenses. Despite its small size, the probe can provide a numerical apertune (NA) of 0.22 and an experimental sensitivity of 92 dB at 0.5 frames. The feasibility of retinal imaging is tested on enucleated ex vivo porcine eyes, where structural features including remnant vitreous humor, retina, and choroid can be clearly distinguished. Due to its imaging quality comparable to a commercial OCT system and compatibility with the current ophthalmic surgery standard, the probe can potentially serve as a better alternative to traditional visual inspection by white light illumination during vitreoretinal surgery (e.g., vitrectomy).

Additional Information

© 2008 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. Open Access. Paper 07354LRR received August 28, 2007; revised manuscript received February 1, 2008; accepted for publication February 3, 2008; published online April 21, 2008. The authors would like to thank Jian Ren for helpful discussions and Caltech chemistry machine shop for fabricating the probe chassis. This work was funded by Biomimetic Micro-Electronic Systems Engineering Research Center (BMES ERC, No. EEC-0310723), a National Science Foundation (NSF) Career Award (No. BES-0547657), and the Caltech Grubstake fund.

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August 22, 2023
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