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Published March 13, 2000 | public
Journal Article Open

Highly Optimized Tolerance: Robustness and Design in Complex Systems

Abstract

Highly optimized tolerance (HOT) is a mechanism that relates evolving structure to power laws in interconnected systems. HOT systems arise where design and evolution create complex systems sharing common features, including (1) high efficiency, performance, and robustness to designed-for uncertainties, (2) hypersensitivity to design flaws and unanticipated perturbations, (3) nongeneric, specialized, structured configurations, and (4) power laws. We study the impact of incorporating increasing levels of design and find that even small amounts of design lead to HOT states in percolation.

Additional Information

©2000 The American Physical Society Received 9 December 1998; revised 27 August 1999 This work was supported by the David and Lucile Packard Foundation, NSF Grants No. DMR-9510394 and No. DMR-9813752, and a DOD MURI grant for "Mathematical Infrastructure for Robust Virtual Engineering."

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