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Published February 7, 2001 | Published
Journal Article Open

The Cosmological Constant

Carroll, Sean M. ORCID icon
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Abstract

This is a review of the physics and cosmology of the cosmological constant. Focusing on recent developments, I present a pedagogical overview of cosmology in the presence of a cosmological constant, observational constraints on its magnitude, and the physics of a small (and potentially nonzero) vacuum energy. NB: The author will not update this review anymore, however, some of its topics are subject of other reviews. In May 2008, the article was republished in the revised Living Reviews layout, therefore the pagination has changed. The publication number lrr-2001-1 has not been altered.

Additional Information

This review is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial-NoDerivs 2.0 Germany License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/de/ Accepted on 29 January 2001. Published on 7 February 2001. I wish to thank Greg Anderson, Tom Banks, Robert Caldwell, Joanne Cohn, Gordon Chalmers, Michael Dine, George Field, Peter Garnavich, Christophe Grojean, Jeff Harvey, Dragan Huterer, Steuard Jensen, Gordy Kane, Manoj Kaplinghat, Bob Kirshner, Lloyd Knox, Finn Larsen, Laura Mersini, Ue-Li Pen, Saul Perlmutter, Joe Polchinski, Ted Pyne, Brian Schmidt, and Michael Turner for numerous useful conversations, Patrick Brady, Deryn Fogg and Clifford Johnson for rhetorical encouragement, and Bill Press and Ed Turner for insinuating me into this formerly-disreputable subject. This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy.

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August 21, 2023
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October 17, 2023