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Published November 2008 | Published
Journal Article Open

Fault-tolerant quantum computation against biased noise

Abstract

We formulate a scheme for fault-tolerant quantum computation that works effectively against highly biased noise, where dephasing is far stronger than all other types of noise. In our scheme, the fundamental operations performed by the quantum computer are single-qubit preparations, single-qubit measurements, and conditional-phase (CPHASE) gates, where the noise in the CPHASE gates is biased. We show that the accuracy threshold for quantum computation can be improved by exploiting this noise asymmetry; e.g., if dephasing dominates all other types of noise in the CPHASE gates by four orders of magnitude, we find a rigorous lower bound on the accuracy threshold higher by a factor of 5 than for the case of unbiased noise.

Additional Information

© 2008 The American Physical Society. (Received 29 September 2008; published 19 November 2008) We thank David DiVincenzo, Daniel Gottesman, and Gabriel Mendoza for useful discussions. This research is supported in part by DOE under Grant No. DE-FG03-92-ER40701, NSF under Grant No. PHY-0456720, and NSA under ARO Contract No. W911NF-05-1-0294.

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