Noise-resilient edge modes on a chain of superconducting qubits

Creators: Mi, X.; Sonner, M.; Niu, M. Y.; Lee, K. W.; Foxen, B.; Acharya, R.; Aleiner, I.; Andersen, T. I.; Arute, F.; Arya, K.; Asfaw, A.; Atalaya, J.; Bardin, J. C.; Basso, J.; Bengtsson, A.; Bortoli, G.; Bourassa, A.; Brill, L.; Broughton, M.; Buckley, B. B.; Buell, D. A.; Burkett, B.; Bushnell, N.; Chen, Z.; Chiaro, B.; Collins, R.; Conner, P.; Courtney, W.; Crook, A. L.; Debroy, D. M.; Demura, S.; Dunsworth, A.; Eppens, D.; Erickson, C.; Faoro, L.; Farhi, E.; Fatemi, R.; Flores, L.; Forati, E.; Fowler, A. G.; Giang, W.; Gidney, C.; Gilboa, D.; Giustina, M.; Dau, A. G.; Gross, J. A.; Habegger, S.; Harrigan, M. P.; Hoffmann, M.; Hong, S.; Huang, T.; Huff, A.; Huggins, W. J.; Ioffe, L. B.; Isakov, S. V.; Iveland, J.; Jeffrey, E.; Jiang, Z.; Jones, C.; Kafri, D.; Kechedzhi, K.; Khattar, T.; Kim, S.; Kitaev, A. Y.; Klimov, P. V.; Klots, A. R.; Korotkov, A. N.; Kostritsa, F.; Kreikebaum, J. M.; Landhuis, D.; Laptev, P.; Lau, K.-M.; Lee, J.; Laws, L.; Liu, W.; Locharla, A.; Martin, O.; McClean, J. R.; McEwen, M.; Meurer Costa, B.; Miao, K. C.; Mohseni, M.; Montazeri, S.; Morvan, A.; Mount, E.; Mruczkiewicz, W.; Naaman, O.; Neeley, M.; Neill, C.; Newman, M.; O'Brien, T. E.; Opremcak, A.; Petukhov, A.; Potter, R.; Quintana, C.; Rubin, N. C.; Saei, N.; Sank, D.; Sankaragomathi, K.; Satzinger, K. J.; Schuster, C.; Shearn, M. J.; Shvarts, V.; Strain, D.; Su, Y.; Szalay, M.; Vidal, G.; Villalonga, B.; Vollgraff-Heidweiller, C.; White, T.; Yao, Z.; Yeh, P.; Yoo, J.; Zalcman, A.; Zhang, Y.; Zhu, N.; Neven, H.; Bacon, D.; Hilton, J.; Lucero, E.; Babbush, R.; Boixo, S.; Megrant, A.; Chen, Y.; Kelly, J.; Smelyanskiy, V.; Abanin, D. A.; Roushan, P.

Abstract

Inherent symmetry of a quantum system may protect its otherwise fragile states. Leveraging such protection requires testing its robustness against uncontrolled environmental interactions. Using 47 superconducting qubits, we implement the one-dimensional kicked Ising model, which exhibits nonlocal Majorana edge modes (MEMs) with ℤ₂ parity symmetry. We find that any multiqubit Pauli operator overlapping with the MEMs exhibits a uniform late-time decay rate comparable to single-qubit relaxation rates, irrespective of its size or composition. This characteristic allows us to accurately reconstruct the exponentially localized spatial profiles of the MEMs. Furthermore, the MEMs are found to be resilient against certain symmetry-breaking noise owing to a prethermalization mechanism. Our work elucidates the complex interplay between noise and symmetry-protected edge modes in a solid-state environment.

Additional Information

© 2022 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. We have benefited from discussions with M. H. Devoret, L. G. Dias, I. K. Drozdov, P. Ghaemi, and A. Rahmani. D.B. is a CIFAR Associate Fellow in the Quantum Information Science Program. Author contributions: D.A.A. and V.Sm. conceived of the project. X.M., D.A.A., and V.Sm. designed the experiment. X.M. executed the experiment. P.R., X.M., D.A.A., M.So., and M.Y.N. performed analysis of the experimental results. K.W.L. and B.F. contributed to measurements in the supplementary materials. X.M., P.R., and D.A.A. wrote the manuscript. V.Sm. and P.R. led and coordinated the project. Infrastructure support was provided by Google Quantum AI. All authors contributed to revising the manuscript and the supplementary materials. Data and materials availability: Experimental data shown in the main text and supplementary materials, as well as simulation software code, are available in Zenodo (46). The authors declare no competing interests.

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Resource type: Journal Article
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science
Published in: Science, 378(6621), 785-790, ISSN: 0036-8075.