A systematic validation of hot Neptunes in TESS data

Creators: Magliano, Christian; Covone, Giovanni; Dobal, Richa; Cacciapuoti, Luca; Tonietti, Luca; Giacalone, Steven; Vines, Jose I.; Inno, Laura; Jenkins, James S.; Lissauer, Jack J.; Bieryla, Allyson; Oliva, Fabrizio; Pagano, Isabella; Kostov, Veselin; Ziegler, Carl; Ciardi, David R.; Gonzales, Erica J.; Dressing, Courtney D.; Buchhave, Lars A.; Howell, Steve B.; Matson, Rachel A.; Matthews, Elisabeth; Rotundi, Alessandra; Alves, Douglas; Fiscale, Stefano; Ienco, Riccardo M.; Peña, Pablo; Gallo, Francesco; Muscari Tomajoli, Maria T.

Abstract

We statistically validated a sample of hot Neptune candidates applying a two-step vetting technique using DAVE and TRICERATOPS. We performed a systematic validation of 250 transit-like events in the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite archive in the parameter region defined by P ≤ 4d and 3R_⊕ ≤ R ≤ 5R_⊕ Through our analysis, we identified 18 hot Neptune-sized candidates, with a false positive probability < 50 per cent⁠. Nine of these planet candidates still need to be confirmed. For each of the nine targets, we retrieved the stellar parameters using ARIADNE and derived constraints on the planetary parameters by fitting the light curves with the juliet package. Within this sample of nine candidates, we statistically validated (i.e. with false positive probability < 0.3 per cent⁠) two systems (TOI-277 b and TOI-1288 b) by re-processing the candidates with TRICERATOPS along with follow-up observations. These new validated exoplanets expand the known hot Neptunes population and are high-priority targets for future radial velocities follow-up.

Additional Information

© 2022 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society. This article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model (https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model) This research has made use of the NASA Exoplanet Archive, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the Exoplanet Exploration Program. We acknowledge the use of the Exoplanet Follow-up Observation Program website, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the Exoplanet Exploration Program. The TFOP is led by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO), in coordination with MIT, as part of the TESS Science Office. This work has made use of data from the European Space Agency (ESA) mission Gaia (https://www.cosmos.esa.int/gaia), processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC; https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/dpac/consortium). Funding for the DPAC has been provided by national institutions, in particular the institutions participating in the Gaia Multilateral Agreement. JSJ greatfully acknowledges support by FONDECYT grant 1201371 and from the ANID BASAL projects ACE210002 and FB210003. JIV acknowledges support of CONICYT-PFCHA/Doctorado Nacional-21191829. Software: DAVE (Kostov et al. 2019), TRICERATOPS (Giacalone et al. 2021), FORECASTER (Chen & Kipping 2017). DATA AVAILABILITY. The data underlying this article will be shared on reasonable request to the corresponding author. The main DAVE outcomes for the nine TOIs and the TRES extracted spectra of TIC 63898957, TIC 365733349, TIC 73540072 and TIC 146523262 are available in Supplementary data.

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