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Published January 1995 | public
Journal Article

Atmospheric Gas–Aerosol Equilibrium: III. Thermodynamics of Crustal Elements Ca²⁺, K⁺, and Mg²⁺

Abstract

Thermodynamics of the water-soluble crustal ionic species Ca²⁺, K⁺, and Mg²⁺ are added to that of those species already included (Na⁺, NH₄⁺, Cl⁻, NO₃⁻, and SO₄²⁻) in the gas-particle equilibrium model SCAPE (Kim et al., 1993ab) which estimates the state and composition of atmospheric inorganic species between the gas and aerosol phases. Thermodynamic properties for the aerosol species that include the above ions, equilibrium constants, ionic activity coefficients, water activity, and deliquescence points, are estimated. Various methods for activity coefficient estimation are compared.

Additional Information

This work was supported by the Electric Power Research Institute under agreement RP3189-03. One of authors (YPK) was also supported by Ministry of Science and Technology and Ministry of Environment, Korea under National Project No. 10300 and No. 12010.

Additional details

Created:
August 22, 2023
Modified:
October 25, 2023