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Published May 1, 2023 | Supplemental Material
Journal Article Open

Pohlite, a new lead iodate hydroxide chloride from Sierra Gorda, Chile

Abstract

The new mineral pohlite (IMA2022–043), Pb₇(IO₃)(OH)₄Cl₉, was found at La Compania mine, Sierra Gorda, Antofagasta Province, Antofagasta, Chile, where it occurs in cavities in an oxidised portion of a quartz vein in association with massive aragonite and anhydrite. Pohlite crystals are transparent, colourless to pale grey blades, up to 4 mm in length. The mineral has a white streak, adamantine lustre and is nonfluorescent. It is brittle with irregular, conchoidal fracture. The Mohs hardness is ~2½ and it has no cleavage. The calculated density is 5.838(2) g cm⁻³. Optically, the mineral is biaxial (+) with α < 2.01(est.), β = 2.02 (calc.), γ = 2.05 (calc.); 2V = 60(5)°; moderate r > v dispersion; orientation: Y ∧ a ≈ 20°, Z ∧ b ≈ 30°; and is nonpleochroic. The Raman spectrum exhibits bands consistent with IO₃⁻ and O–H. Electron microprobe analysis provided the empirical formula Pb_(6.74)I_(1.00)Cl_(9.29)O_(6.71)H_(4.23). The five strongest powder X-ray diffraction lines are [d_(obs) Å(I)(hkl)]: 3.818(91)(023, 122, 11), 3.674(85)(1, 22, 200, 104), 3.399(47)(10, 210, 04), 2.378(100)(302, 041, 24) and 1.9943(45)(multiple). Pohlite is triclinic, P, a = 7.3366(5), b = 9.5130(9), c = 16.2434(15) Å, α = 81.592(7), β = 84.955(7), γ = 89.565(6)°, V = 1117.13(17) Å3 and Z = 2. The structure of pohlite (R1 = 0.0328 for 3394 I > 2σI) contains two types of clusters, a [Pb₄(OH)₃]⁵⁺ cluster formed by short Pb–O bonds and a [Pb₃(OH)(IO₃)]₂⁸⁺ 'double cluster' formed by short I–O bonds and short- to medium-length Pb–O bonds. Long Pb–Cl and I–Cl bonds link the clusters together in three dimensions.

Additional Information

© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Reviewers John M. Hughes, Oleg Siidra and Structures Editor Peter Leverett are thanked for their comments on the manuscript. A portion of this study was funded by the John Jago Trelawney Endowment to the Mineral Sciences Department of the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. The authors declare none.

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Additional details

Created:
August 22, 2023
Modified:
October 25, 2023