Solid Earth–atmosphere interaction forces during the 15 January 2022 Tonga eruption
Abstract
Rapid venting of volcanic material during the 15 January 2022 Tonga eruption generated impulsive downward reaction forces on the Earth of ~2.0 × 10¹³ N that radiated seismic waves observed throughout the planet, with ~25 s source bursts persisting for ~4.5 hours. The force time history is determined by analysis of teleseismic P waves and Rayleigh waves with periods approximately <50 s, providing insight into the overall volcanic eruption process. The atmospheric acoustic-gravity Lamb wave expanding from the eruption produced broadband ground motions when transiting land, along with driven and conventional tsunami waves. Atmospheric standing acoustic waves near the source produced oscillatory peak forces as large as 4 × 10¹² N, exciting resonant solid Earth Rayleigh wave motions at frequencies of 3.7 and 4.6 mHz.
Additional Information
We thank participants of the UCSC Seismology Laboratory coffee hours for discussion of this analysis. Helpful comments on the manuscript were provided by E. Cochran, S. Prejean, and an anonymous reviewer. We thank the facilities of Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) Data Services and specifically the IRIS Data Management Center, which were used for access to waveforms, and Green's functions used in this study. IRIS Data Services are funded through the Seismological Facility for the Advancement of Geoscience (SAGE) Award of the National Science Foundation under Cooperative Support Agreement EAR-1851048. This work is supported by National Science Foundation grant EAR-1802364 (T.L.).Additional details
- PMCID
- PMC9833673
- Eprint ID
- 118933
- Resolver ID
- CaltechAUTHORS:20230125-514504700.11
- EAR-1851048
- NSF
- EAR-1802364
- NSF
- Created
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2023-01-30Created from EPrint's datestamp field
- Updated
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2023-01-30Created from EPrint's last_modified field
- Caltech groups
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, Seismological Laboratory