Glasswing-Butterfly-Inspired Multifunctional Scleral Lens and Smartphone Raman Spectrometer for Point-of-Care Tear Biomarker Analysis
Abstract
Augmenting contact lenses with sensing capabilities requires incorporating multiple functionalities within a diminutive device. Inspired by multifunctional biophotonic nanostructures of glasswing butterflies, a nanostructured scleral lens with enhanced optical, bactericidal, and sensing capabilities is reported. When used in conjunction with a smartphone-integrated Raman spectrometer, the feasibility of point-of-care applications is demonstrated. The bioinspired nanostructures made on parylene films are mounted on the anterior and posterior side of a scleral lens to create a nanostructured lens. Compared to unstructured parylene, nanostructured parylene minimizes glare by 4.3-fold at large viewing angles up to 80o. When mounted on a scleral lens, the nanostructures block 2.8-fold more ultraviolet (UVA) light while offering 1.1-fold improved transmission in the visible regime. Furthermore, the nanostructures exhibit potent bactericidal activity against Escherichia coli, killing 89% of tested bacteria within 4 h. The same nanostructures, when gold-coated, are used to perform rapid label-free multiplex detection of lysozyme and lactoferrin, the protein biomarkers of the chronic dry eye disease, in whole human tears using drop-coating deposition Raman spectroscopy. The detection of both proteins in whole human tear samples from different subjects using the nanostructured lens produced excellent correlation with commercial enzyme-based assays while simultaneously displaying a 1.5-fold lower standard deviation.
Additional Information
© 2022 The Authors. Advanced Science published by Wiley-VCH GmbH. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. V.N. and R.H.S. contributed equally to this work. This research was partially supported by the Samsung Global Research Outreach (GRO) program . The authors are also thankful for the support and resources provided by the Kavli Nanoscience Institute and the Beckman Institute Biological Imaging Facility at Caltech. Data Availability Statement. The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to privacy or ethical restrictions. The authors declare no conflict of interest.Attached Files
Published - ADVS-10-2205113.pdf
Supplemental Material - advs4836-sup-0001-suppmat.pdf
Supplemental Material - advs4836-sup-0002-videos1.mov
Supplemental Material - advs4836-sup-0003-videos2.mov
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Additional details
- Eprint ID
- 118512
- Resolver ID
- CaltechAUTHORS:20221219-418113000.43
- SAMSUNG Global Research Outreach
- Created
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2023-01-20Created from EPrint's datestamp field
- Updated
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2023-07-06Created from EPrint's last_modified field
- Caltech groups
- Kavli Nanoscience Institute