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Published August 2022 | Published
Journal Article Open

Galactic Cosmic Rays Throughout the Heliosphere and in the Very Local Interstellar Medium

Abstract

We review recent observations and modeling developments on the subject of galactic cosmic rays through the heliosphere and in the Very Local Interstellar Medium, emphasizing knowledge that has accumulated over the past decade. We begin by highlighting key measurements of cosmic-ray spectra by Voyager, PAMELA, and AMS and discuss advances in global models of solar modulation. Next, we survey recent works related to large-scale, long-term spatial and temporal variations of cosmic rays in different regimes of the solar wind. Then we highlight new discoveries from beyond the heliopause and link these to the short-term evolution of transients caused by solar activity. Lastly, we visit new results that yield interesting insights from a broader astrophysical perspective.

Additional Information

© The Author(s) 2022. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Received: 5 March 2022 / Accepted: 15 June 2022. Part of a collection: The Heliosphere in the Local Interstellar Medium: Into the Unknown. J. Rankin is supported by the NASA Early Career Investigator Program (ECIP), award number 80NSSC21K0456. A.M.B. was supported by the baseline project 0040-2019-0025 of the Ioffe Institute. Some of the A.M.B. modeling was performed at the JSCC RAS and the "Tornado" subsystem of the St. Petersburg Polytechnic University super-computing center. B.H. is supported under grant 50 OC 2102 and 50 OC 1704 by the German Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft through the Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR). A.C.C. and E.C.S. were supported by NASA award number NNN12AA01C. Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.

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Additional details

Created:
August 22, 2023
Modified:
October 24, 2023