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Published June 13, 2022 | Submitted
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High-efficiency and broadband electro-optic frequency combs enabled by coupled micro-resonators

Abstract

Developments in integrated photonics have led to stable, compact, and broadband comb generators that support a wide range of applications. Current on-chip comb generators, however, are still limited by low optical pump-to-comb conversion efficiencies. Here, we demonstrate an integrated electro-optic frequency comb with a conversion efficiency of 30% and an optical bandwidth of 132 nm, featuring a 100-times higher conversion efficiency and 2.2-times broader optical bandwidth compared with previous state-of-the-art integrated electro-optic combs. We further show that, enabled by the high efficiency, the device acts as an on-chip femtosecond pulse source (336 fs pulse duration), which is important for applications in nonlinear optics, sensing, and computing. As an example, in the ultra-fast and high-power regime, we demonstrate the observation of a combined EO-χ⁽³⁾ nonlinear frequency comb. Our device paves the way for practical optical frequency comb generators enabling energy-efficient computing, communication, and metrology, and provides a platform to investigate new regimes of optical physics that simultaneously involve multiple nonlinearities.

Additional Information

We thank Cheng Wang for helpful discussion. This work is supported by AFOSR grants FA9550-19-1-0376 and FA9550-19-1-0310, DARPA LUMOS HR0011-20-C-137, NASA 80NSSC21C0583, AFRL FA9550-21-1-0056, NSF ECCS-1839197, ARO W911NF2010248, DOE DE-SC0020376, Harvard Quantum Initiative, Facebook, Maxim Integrated (now Analog Devices), Inphi (now Marvell) and National Science Foundation under Grant ECCS-1740291 E2CDA. Device fabrication was performed at the Harvard University Center for Nanoscale Systems. Competing interests: M.Z. and M.L. are involved in developing lithium niobate technologies at HyperLight Corporation. The views, opinions and/or findings expressed are those of the author and should not be interpreted as representing the official views or policies of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government.

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Created:
August 20, 2023
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October 24, 2023