Dispersive optical systems for scalable Raman driving of hyperfine qubits

Abstract

Hyperfine atomic states are among the most promising candidates for qubit encoding in quantum information processing. In atomic systems, hyperfine transitions are typically driven through a two-photon Raman process by a laser field which is amplitude modulated at the hyperfine qubit frequency. Here we introduce a method for generating amplitude modulation by phase modulating a laser and reflecting it from a highly dispersive optical element known as a chirped Bragg grating. This approach is passively stable, offers high efficiency, and is compatible with high-power laser sources, enabling large Rabi frequencies and improved quantum coherence. We benchmark this approach by globally driving an array of approximately 300 neutral ⁸⁷Rb atomic qubits trapped in optical tweezers and obtain Rabi frequencies of 2 MHz with photon-scattering error rates of less than 2 × 10⁻⁴ per π pulse. This robust approach can be directly integrated with local addressing optics in both neutral atom and trapped ion systems to facilitate high-fidelity single-qubit operations for quantum information processing.

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