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Published April 21, 2022 | Supplemental Material
Journal Article Open

Atmospheric Deposition of Particulate Matter and Micropollutants as a Major Mass Transport Route to Surface Water in Winter: Measurement and Modeling in Beijing in 2014 and 2021

Abstract

Deposition is a major route for atmospheric pollutants such as heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to transport to surface water. Here, we study Beijing, China, during the heavy haze period (2014) and the pandemic period (2021) to investigate the correlation between the atmospheric and surface water concentrations of 12 heavy metals and 16 PAHs. Pearson correlations and a series of back propagation (BP) neural network (NN) models are employed, and local meteorological conditions are included as input variables for the analysis. The surface water concentration of most pollutants analyzed correlate positively with humidity, PM_(2.5), PM₁₀, NO₂, SO₂, and CO, while negatively with the wind speed. The correlation coefficients are bigger in 2014 than in 2021, indicating accelerated gas–aqueous mass transport during haze episodes. The accurate prediction of the BP NN model in 2014 and 2021 presents itself as a promising tool in guiding future modeling efforts and policy changes.

Additional Information

© 2022 American Chemical Society. Received: October 26, 2021; Revised: February 6, 2022; Accepted: February 10, 2022; Published: February 25, 2022. This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 21777009, no. 21407138), the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF RTTC Grants OPP1111246 and OPP1149755), the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (no. 8182031), and the Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment (no. 2018ZX07109). The authors declare no competing financial interest.

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Created:
August 22, 2023
Modified:
October 23, 2023