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Published December 2021 | Published
Journal Article Open

Fast and versatile fluid-solid coupling for turbulent flow simulation

Abstract

The intricate motions and complex vortical structures generated by the interaction between fluids and solids are visually fascinating. However, reproducing such a two-way coupling between thin objects and turbulent fluids numerically is notoriously challenging and computationally costly: existing approaches such as cut-cell or immersed-boundary methods have difficulty achieving physical accuracy, or even visual plausibility, of simulations involving fast-evolving flows with immersed objects of arbitrary shapes. In this paper, we propose an efficient and versatile approach for simulating two-way fluid-solid coupling within the kinetic (lattice-Boltzmann) fluid simulation framework, valid for both laminar and highly turbulent flows, and for both thick and thin objects. We introduce a novel hybrid approach to fluid-solid coupling which systematically involves a mesoscopic double-sided bounce-back scheme followed by a cut-cell velocity correction for a more robust and plausible treatment of turbulent flows near moving (thin) solids, preventing flow penetration and reducing boundary artifacts significantly. Coupled with an efficient approximation to simplify geometric computations, the whole boundary treatment method preserves the inherent massively parallel computational nature of the kinetic method. Moreover, we propose simple GPU optimizations of the core LBM algorithm which achieve an even higher computational efficiency than the state-of-the-art kinetic fluid solvers in graphics. We demonstrate the accuracy and efficacy of our two-way coupling through various challenging simulations involving a variety of rigid body solids and fluids at both high and low Reynolds numbers. Finally, comparisons to existing methods on benchmark data and real experiments further highlight the superiority of our method.

Additional Information

© 2021 Association for Computing Machinery. Published: 10 December 2021. The authors would like to thank the reviewers for helping us improve the exposition. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 62072310 and No. 61976138) and ShanghaiTech University. M. Desbrun gratefully acknowledges generous support from Ansys Inc. 3D meshes were provided by GrabCAD users Aisak (Fig. 1), Mehmet Boztaş (turbine blade in Fig. 20), Vedad Saletovic (turbine tower in Fig. 20), Dhanasekar Vinayagamoorthy (Fig. 22), and CustomWorkx Belgium (Fig. 25), as well as Sketchfab users Cosche (Fig. 4), Opus Poly (Fig. 21), and Lexyc16 (Fig. 27).

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