Combined analysis of HPK 3.1 LGADs using a proton beam, beta source, and probe station towards establishing high volume quality control
Abstract
The upgrades of the CMS and ATLAS experiments for the high luminosity phase of the Large Hadron Collider will employ precision timing detectors based on Low Gain Avalanche Detectors (LGADs). We present a suite of results combining measurements from the Fermilab Test Beam Facility, a beta source telescope, and a probe station, allowing full characterization of the HPK type 3.1 production of LGAD prototypes developed for these detectors. We demonstrate that the LGAD response to high energy test beam particles is accurately reproduced with a beta source. We further establish that probe station measurements of the gain implant accurately predict the particle response and operating parameters of each sensor, and conclude that the uniformity of the gain implant in this production is sufficient to produce full-sized sensors for the ATLAS and CMS timing detectors.
Additional Information
© 2021 Published by Elsevier B.V. Received 3 April 2021, Revised 20 July 2021, Accepted 13 September 2021, Available online 23 September 2021. We thank the Fermilab accelerator's team for very good beam conditions during our test beam time. We thank Mandy Kiburg, Evan Niner, Todd Nebel, Jim Wish, and all of the FTBF personnel for their support during the test beam experiments. We would like to thank Lorenzo Uplegger, Alan Prosser and Ryan Rivera for their critical role in establishing the FTBF tracker and its DAQ and trigger chain. We are grateful for the technical support of the Fermilab SiDet department, especially Bert Gonzalez and Michelle Jonas for the rapid production of wire-bonded and packaged LGAD assemblies, and Abhishek Bakshi for the mechanical design of the experimental structures. This document was prepared using the resources of the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab), a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, HEP User Facility. Fermilab is managed by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC (FRA), acting under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359. Part of this work was performed within the framework of the CERN RD50 collaboration. This work was supported by the Fermilab LDRD 2017.027; by the United States Department of Energy grant DE-FG02-04ER41286; by the California Institute of Technology High Energy Physics under Contract DE-SC0011925; by the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation funding program, under Grant Agreement no. 654168 (AIDA-2020) and Grant Agreement no. 669529 (ERC UFSD669529); by the Italian Ministero degli Affari Esteri and INFN Gruppo Vl; and by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (Grants No. 2018R1A6A1A06024970, No. 2020R1A2C1012322 and Contract NRF-2008-00460). The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.Attached Files
Accepted Version - 2104.08369.pdf
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Additional details
- Eprint ID
- 111827
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.nima.2021.165828
- Resolver ID
- CaltechAUTHORS:20211110-175321997
- DE-AC02-07CH11359
- Department of Energy (DOE)
- CERN
- 2017.027
- Fermilab
- DE-FG02-04ER41286
- Department of Energy (DOE)
- DE-SC0011925
- Department of Energy (DOE)
- 654168
- European Research Council (ERC)
- 669529
- European Research Council (ERC)
- Ministero degli affari esteri e della cooperazione internazionale (MAECI)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN)
- 2018R1A6A1A06024970
- National Research Foundation of Korea
- 2020R1A2C1012322
- National Research Foundation of Korea
- NRF-2008-00460
- National Research Foundation of Korea
- Created
-
2021-11-11Created from EPrint's datestamp field
- Updated
-
2021-11-11Created from EPrint's last_modified field
- Caltech groups
- CMS@Caltech