An exomoon survey of 70 cool giant exoplanets and the new candidate Kepler-1708 b-i
Abstract
Exomoons represent a crucial missing puzzle piece in our efforts to understand extrasolar planetary systems. To address this deficiency, we here describe an exomoon survey of 70 cool, giant transiting exoplanet candidates found by Kepler. We identify only one exhibiting a moon-like signal that passes a battery of vetting tests: Kepler-1708 b. We show that Kepler-1708 b is a statistically validated Jupiter-sized planet orbiting a Sun-like quiescent star at 1.6 au. The signal of the exomoon candidate, Kepler-1708 b-i, is a 4.8σ effect and is persistent across different instrumental detrending methods, with a 1% false-positive probability via injection–recovery. Kepler-1708 b-i is ~2.6 Earth radii and is located in an approximately coplanar orbit at ~12 planetary radii from its ~1.6 au Jupiter-sized host. Future observations will be necessary to validate or reject the candidate.
Additional Information
© 2022 Nature Publishing Group. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Received 12 April 2021; Accepted 12 October 2021; Published 13 January 2022. D.K. thanks donors M. Sloan, L. Sanborn, D. Daughaday, A. Jones, E. West, T. Zajonc, C. Wolfred, A. de Vaal, M. Forbes, C. Souter, J. Rockett, S. Hannum, T. Donkin and M. Elliott. D.K. acknowledges support from NASA grant 80NSSC21K0960. J.S. acknowledges financial support from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant 948467). Analysis was carried out in part on the NASA Supercomputer PLEIADES (grant HEC-SMD-17-1386), provided by the NASA High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at Ames Research Center. This Article includes data collected by the Kepler Mission. Funding for the Kepler Mission is provided by the NASA Science Mission Directorate. This work has made use of data from the European Space Agency (ESA) mission Gaia (https://www.cosmos.esa.int/gaia), processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC, https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/dpac/consortium). Funding for the DPAC has been provided by national institutions, in particular the institutions participating in the Gaia Multilateral Agreement. Data availability: The data that support the plots within this paper and other findings of this study are made available at https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.18931zcz9; or from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Source data are provided with this paper. Code availability: The MULTINEST regression algorithm is publicly available at https://github.com/farhanferoz/MultiNest. The vespa software package is publicly available at https://github.com/timothydmorton/VESPA. The isochrones software package is publicly available at https://github.com/timothydmorton/isochrones. The KeplerPORTs software package is publicly available at https://github.com/nasa/KeplerPORTs. The raDec2Pix software package is publicly available at https://github.com/stevepur/Kepler-RaDex2Pix.Attached Files
Published - s41550-021-01539-1.pdf
Accepted Version - 2201.04643.pdf
Supplemental Material - 41550_2021_1539_Fig4_ESM.webp
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Supplemental Material - 41550_2021_1539_MOESM9_ESM.dat
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Additional details
- Eprint ID
- 111050
- Resolver ID
- CaltechAUTHORS:20210927-204432870
- 80NSSC21K0960
- NASA
- 948467
- European Research Council (ERC)
- HEC-SMD-17-1386
- NASA
- Gaia Multilateral Agreement
- Created
-
2022-01-18Created from EPrint's datestamp field
- Updated
-
2022-03-17Created from EPrint's last_modified field
- Caltech groups
- Infrared Processing and Analysis Center (IPAC)