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Published December 2021 | Published
Journal Article Open

Recent advances in design and applications of biomimetic self-assembled peptide hydrogels for hard tissue regeneration

Abstract

The development of natural biomaterials applied for hard tissue repair and regeneration is of great importance, especially in societies with a large elderly population. Self-assembled peptide hydrogels are a new generation of biomaterials that provide excellent biocompatibility, tunable mechanical stability, injectability, trigger capability, lack of immunogenic reactions, and the ability to load cells and active pharmaceutical agents for tissue regeneration. Peptide-based hydrogels are ideal templates for the deposition of hydroxyapatite crystals, which can mimic the extracellular matrix. Thus, peptide-based hydrogels enhance hard tissue repair and regeneration compared to conventional methods. This review presents three major self-assembled peptide hydrogels with potential application for bone and dental tissue regeneration, including ionic self-complementary peptides, amphiphilic (surfactant-like) peptides, and triple-helix (collagen-like) peptides. Special attention is given to the main bioactive peptides, the role and importance of self-assembled peptide hydrogels, and a brief overview on molecular simulation of self-assembled peptide hydrogels applied for bone and dental tissue engineering and regeneration.

Additional Information

© This is a U.S. government work and not under copyright protection in the U.S.; foreign copyright protection may apply 2021. Received 08 March 2021; Accepted 12 June 2021; Published 20 July 2021. The authors would like to thank Prof. Alimohammad Tamaddon, Founder and Executive Director of the "Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences," for his kind cooperation. Author Contributions: HN, MJ, GF, SSA, NA, SB, and RR all contributed to writing original draft and editing the final version of the review manuscript. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest. Ethical approval: This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

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Created:
August 22, 2023
Modified:
October 23, 2023