Observation of Gravitational Waves from Two Neutron Star–Black Hole Coalescences
- Creators
- Abbott, R.
- Abbott, T. D.
- Abraham, S.
- Acernese, F.
- Ackley, K.
- Adams, A.
- Adams, C.
-
Adhikari, R. X.
- Adya, V. B.
- Affeldt, C.
- Agarwal, D.
- Agathos, M.
- Agatsuma, K.
- Aggarwal, N.
- Aguiar, O. D.
- Aiello, L.
- Ain, A.
- Ajith, P.
- Akutsu, T.
- Aleman, K. M.
- Allen, G.
- Allocca, A.
- Altin, P. A.
- Amato, A.
-
Anand, S.
- Ananyeva, A.
-
Anderson, S. B.
- Anderson, W. G.
- Ando, M.
- Angelova, S. V.
- Ansoldi, S.
- Antelis, J. M.
- Antier, S.
- Appert, S.
- Arai, Koya
-
Arai, Koji
- Arai, Y.
- Araki, S.
- Araya, A.
-
Araya, M. C.
- Areeda, J. S.
- Arène, M.
- Aritomi, N.
- Arnaud, N.
- Aronson, S. M.
- Arun, K. G.
- Asada, H.
- Asali, Y.
- Ashton, G.
- Aso, Y.
- Aston, S. M.
- Astone, P.
- Aubin, F.
- Aufmuth, P.
- AultONeal, K.
- Austin, C.
- Babak, S.
- Badaracco, F.
- Bader, M. K. M.
- Bae, S.
- Bae, Y.
- Baer, A. M.
- Bagnasco, S.
- Bai, Y.
- Baiotti, L.
- Baird, J.
- Bajpai, R.
- Ball, M.
- Ballardin, G.
- Ballmer, S. W.
- Bals, M.
- Balsamo, A.
- Baltus, G.
- Banagiri, S.
- Bankar, D.
- Bankar, R. S.
- Barayoga, J. C.
- Barbieri, C.
-
Barish, B. C.
- Barker, D.
- Barneo, P.
- Barone, F.
- Barr, B.
- Barsotti, L.
- Barsuglia, M.
- Barta, D.
- Bartlett, J.
- Barton, M. A.
- Bartos, I.
- Bassiri, R.
- Basti, A.
- Bawaj, M.
- Bayley, J. C.
- Baylor, A. C.
- Bazzan, M.
- Bécsy, B.
- Bedakihale, V. M.
- Bejger, M.
- Belahcene, I.
- Benedetto, V.
- Beniwal, D.
- Benjamin, M. G.
- Benkel, R.
- Bennett, T. F.
- Bentley, J. D.
- BenYaala, M.
- Bergamin, F.
- Berger, B. K.
- Bernuzzi, S.
- Berry, C. P. L.
- Bersanetti, D.
- Bertolini, A.
- Betzwieser, J.
- Bhandare, R.
- Bhandari, A. V.
- Bhattacharjee, D.
- Bhaumik, S.
- Bidler, J.
- Bilenko, I. A.
-
Billingsley, G.
- Birney, R.
- Birnholtz, O.
-
Biscans, S.
- Bischi, M.
-
Biscoveanu, S.
- Bisht, A.
-
Biswas, B.
- Bitossi, M.
-
Bizouard, M.-A.
-
Blackburn, J. K.
-
Blackman, J.
- Blair, C. D.
- Blair, D. G.
- Blair, R. M.
- Bobba, F.
- Bode, N.
- Boer, M.
- Bogaert, G.
- Boldrini, M.
- Bondu, F.
- Bonilla, E.
- Bonnand, R.
- Booker, P.
- Boom, B. A.
- Bork, R.
- Boschi, V.
- Bose, N.
- Bose, S.
- Bossilkov, V.
- Boudart, V.
- Bouffanais, Y.
- Bozzi, A.
- Bradaschia, C.
- Brady, P. R.
- Bramley, A.
- Branch, A.
- Branchesi, M.
- Brau, J. E.
- Breschi, M.
- Briant, T.
- Briggs, J. H.
- Brillet, A.
- Brinkmann, M.
- Brockill, P.
-
Brooks, A. F.
- Brooks, J.
- Brown, D. D.
- Brunett, S.
- Bruno, G.
- Bruntz, R.
- Bryant, J.
- Buikema, A.
- Bulik, T.
- Bulten, H. J.
- Buonanno, A.
-
Buscicchio, R.
- Buskulic, D.
- Byer, R. L.
- Cadonati, L.
- Caesar, M.
- Cagnoli, G.
-
Cahillane, C.
- Cain III, H. W.
-
Calderón Bustillo, J.
- Callaghan, J. D.
-
Callister, T. A.
- Calloni, E.
- Camp, J. B.
- Canepa, M.
- Cannavacciuolo, M.
- Cannon, K. C.
- Cao, H.
- Cao, J.
- Cao, Z.
-
Capocasa, E.
- Capote, E.
- Carapella, G.
- Carbognani, F.
- Carlin, J. B.
- Carney, M. F.
- Carpinelli, M.
- Carullo, G.
- Carver, T. L.
- Casanueva Diaz, J.
- Casentini, C.
- Castaldi, G.
- Caudill, S.
- Cavaglià, M.
- Cavalier, F.
- Cavalieri, R.
- Cella, G.
- Cerdá-Durán, P.
-
Cesarini, E.
- Chaibi, W.
- Chakravarti, K.
- Champion, B.
- Chan, C.-H.
- Chan, C.
- Chan, C. L.
- Chan, M.
- Chandra, K.
- Chanial, P.
- Chao, S.
- Charlton, P.
- Chase, E. A.
- Chassande-Mottin, E.
- Chatterjee, D.
- Chaturvedi, M.
-
Chatziioannou, K.
- Chen, A.
- Chen, C.
- Chen, H. Y.
- Chen, J.
- Chen, K.
- Chen, X.
-
Chen, Y.-B.
- Chen, Y.-R.
- Chen, Z.
- Cheng, H.
- Cheong, C. K.
- Cheung, H. Y.
- Chia, H. Y.
- Chiadini, F.
- Chiang, C-Y.
- Chierici, R.
- Chincarini, A.
- Chiofalo, M. L.
-
Chiummo, A.
- Cho, G.
- Cho, H. S.
- Choate, S.
- Choudhary, R. K.
- Choudhary, S.
-
Christensen, N.
- Chu, H.
- Chu, Q.
- Chu, Y-K.
- Chua, S.
- Chung, K. W.
- Ciani, G.
- Ciecielag, P.
- Cieślar, M.
- Cifaldi, M.
- Ciobanu, A. A.
- Ciolfi, R.
- Cipriano, F.
- Cirone, A.
- Clara, F.
- Clark, E. N.
- Clark, J. A.
- Clarke, L.
- Clearwater, P.
- Clesse, S.
- Cleva, F.
- Coccia, E.
- Cohadon, P.-F.
- Cohen, D. E.
- Cohen, L.
- Colleoni, M.
- Collette, C. G.
- Colpi, M.
- Compton, C. M.
- Constancio, M., Jr.
- Conti, L.
- Cooper, S. J.
- Corban, P.
- Corbitt, T. R.
-
Cordero-Carrión, I.
- Corezzi, S.
- Corley, K. R.
- Cornish, N.
- Corre, D.
- Corsi, A.
- Cortese, S.
- Costa, C. A.
- Cotesta, R.
-
Coughlin, M. W.
- Coughlin, S. B.
- Coulon, J.-P.
- Countryman, S. T.
- Cousins, B.
-
Couvares, P.
- Covas, P. B.
- Coward, D. M.
- Cowart, M. J.
-
Coyne, D. C.
- Coyne, R.
- Creighton, J. D. E.
- Creighton, T. D.
- Criswell, A. W.
-
Croquette, M.
- Crowder, S. G.
- Cudell, J. R.
- Cullen, T. J.
- Cumming, A.
- Cummings, R.
- Cuoco, E.
- Curyło, M.
-
Dal Canton, T.
- Dálya, G.
- Dana, A.
- DaneshgaranBajastani, L. M.
-
D'Angelo, B.
- Danilishin, S. L.
- D'Antonio, S.
- Danzmann, K.
-
Darsow-Fromm, C.
- Dasgupta, A.
-
Datrier, L. E. H.
- Dattilo, V.
- Dave, I.
- Davier, M.
- Davies, G. S.
-
Davis, D.
- Daw, E. J.
- Dean, R.
- DeBra, D.
- Deenadayalan, M.
-
Degallaix, J.
-
De Laurentis, M.
-
Deléglise, S.
- Del Favero, V.
-
De Lillo, F.
-
De Lillo, N.
-
Del Pozzo, W.
-
DeMarchi, L. M.
-
De Matteis, F.
- D'Emilio, V.
- Demos, N.
- Dent, T.
-
Depasse, A.
-
De Pietri, R.
-
De Rosa, R.
- De Rossi, C.
-
DeSalvo, R.
-
De Simone, R.
- Dhurandhar, S.
- Díaz, M. C.
- Diaz-Ortiz, M., Jr.
- Didio, N. A.
- Dietrich, T.
- Di Fiore, L.
- Di Fronzo, C.
-
Di Giorgio, C.
-
Di Giovanni, F.
-
Di Girolamo, T.
-
Di Lieto, A.
- Ding, B.
-
Di Pace, S.
-
Di Palma, I.
-
Di Renzo, F.
- Divakarla, A. K.
-
Dmitriev, A.
- Doctor, Z.
-
D'Onofrio, L.
- Donovan, F.
- Dooley, K. L.
- Doravari, S.
- Dorrington, I.
- Drago, M.
- Driggers, J. C.
-
Drori, Y.
- Du, Z.
- Ducoin, J.-G.
- Dupej, P.
- Durante, O.
- D'Urso, D.
- Duverne, P.-A.
- Dwyer, S. E.
- Easter, P. J.
- Ebersold, M.
- Eddolls, G.
- Edelman, B.
-
Edo, T. B.
- Edy, O.
- Effler, A.
- Eguchi, S.
- Eichholz, J.
-
Eikenberry, S. S.
- Eisenmann, M.
- Eisenstein, R. A.
- Ejlli, A.
- Enomoto, Y.
- Errico, L.
- Essick, R. C.
- Estellés, H.
- Estevez, D.
- Etienne, Z.
- Etzel, T.
- Evans, M.
-
Evans, T. M.
- Ewing, B. E.
-
Fafone, V.
- Fair, H.
- Fairhurst, S.
- Fan, X.
-
Farah, A. M.
- Farinon, S.
- Farr, B.
- Farr, W. M.
- Farrow, N. W.
-
Fauchon-Jones, E. J.
- Favata, M.
- Fays, M.
-
Fazio, M. A.
-
Feicht, J.
-
Fejer, M. M.
- Feng, F.
- Fenyvesi, E.
- Ferguson, D. L.
-
Fernandez-Galiana, A.
- Ferrante, I.
- Ferreira, T. A.
- Fidecaro, F.
- Figura, P.
- Fiori, I.
- Fishbach, M.
- Fisher, R. P.
- Fittipaldi, R.
- Fiumara, V.
- Flaminio, R.
- Floden, E.
- Flynn, E.
- Fong, H.
- Font, J. A.
- Fornal, B.
- Forsyth, P. W. F.
- Franke, A.
- Frasca, S.
- Frasconi, F.
- Frederick, C.
- Frei, Z.
- Freise, A.
- Frey, R.
-
Fritschel, P.
- Frolov, V. V.
-
Fronzé, G. G.
- Fujii, Y.
- Fujikawa, Y.
- Fukunaga, M.
- Fukushima, M.
- Fulda, P.
- Fyffe, M.
- Gabbard, H. A.
- Gadre, B. U.
- Gaebel, S. M.
- Gair, J. R.
- Gais, J.
- Galaudage, S.
- Gamba, R.
- Ganapathy, D.
- Ganguly, A.
- Gao, D.
- Gaonkar, S. G.
- Garaventa, B.
- García-Núñez, C.
- García-Quirós, C.
- Garufi, F.
- Gateley, B.
- Gaudio, S.
- Gayathri, V.
- Ge, G.
- Gemme, G.
- Gennai, A.
- George, J.
- Gergely, L.
- Gewecke, P.
- Ghonge, S.
- Ghosh, Abhirup
- Ghosh, Archisman
- Ghosh, Shaon
- Ghosh, Shrobana
- Ghosh, Sourath
- Giacomazzo, B.
- Giacoppo, L.
- Giaime, J. A.
- Giardina, K. D.
- Gibson, D. R.
- Gier, C.
-
Giesler, M.
- Giri, P.
- Gissi, F.
- Glanzer, J.
- Gleckl, A. E.
- Godwin, P.
- Goetz, E.
- Goetz, R.
- Gohlke, N.
- Goncharov, B.
- González, G.
-
Gopakumar, A.
- Gosselin, M.
- Gouaty, R.
- Grace, B.
- Grado, A.
- Granata, M.
- Granata, V.
- Grant, A.
- Gras, S.
- Grassia, P.
- Gray, C.
- Gray, R.
- Greco, G.
- Green, A. C.
- Green, R.
- Gretarsson, A. M.
- Gretarsson, E. M.
- Griffith, D.
- Griffiths, W.
- Griggs, H. L.
- Grignani, G.
- Grimaldi, A.
- Grimes, E.
- Grimm, S. J.
- Grote, H.
- Grunewald, S.
- Gruning, P.
- Guerrero, J. G.
- Guidi, G. M.
- Guimaraes, A. R.
- Guixé, G.
- Gulati, H. K.
- Guo, H.-K.
- Guo, Y.
-
Gupta, Anchal
- Gupta, Anuradha
- Gupta, P.
- Gustafson, E. K.
- Gustafson, R.
- Guzman, F.
- Ha, S.
- Haegel, L.
- Hagiwara, A.
- Haino, S.
- Halim, O.
- Hall, E. D.
- Hamilton, E. Z.
- Hammond, G.
- Han, W.-B.
- Haney, M.
- Hanks, J.
- Hanna, C.
- Hannam, M. D.
-
Hannuksela, O. A.
- Hansen, H.
- Hansen, T. J.
- Hanson, J.
- Harder, T.
- Hardwick, T.
- Haris, K.
- Harms, J.
- Harry, G. M.
-
Harry, I. W.
- Hartwig, D.
- Hasegawa, K.
- Haskell, B.
- Hasskew, R. K.
- Haster, C.-J.
- Hattori, K.
- Haughian, K.
- Hayakawa, H.
- Hayama, K.
- Hayes, F. J.
- Healy, J.
- Heidmann, A.
- Heintze, M. C.
- Heinze, J.
- Heinzel, J.
- Heitmann, H.
- Hellman, F.
- Hello, P.
-
Helmling-Cornell, A. F.
- Hemming, G.
- Hendry, M.
- Heng, I. S.
- Hennes, E.
- Hennig, J.
- Hennig, M. H.
-
Hernandez Vivanco, F.
- Heurs, M.
- Hild, S.
- Hill, P.
- Himemoto, Y.
- Hinderer, T.
- Hines, A. S.
- Hiranuma, Y.
- Hirata, N.
- Hirose, E.
-
Ho, W. C. G.
- Hochheim, S.
- Hofman, D.
- Hohmann, J. N.
- Holgado, A. M.
- Holland, N. A.
- Hollows, I. J.
- Holmes, Z. J.
- Holt, K.
- Holz, D. E.
- Hong, Z.
- Hopkins, P.
- Hough, J.
- Howell, E. J.
- Hoy, C. G.
- Hoyland, D.
- Hreibi, A.
- Hsieh, B.-H.
- Hsu, Y.
- Huang, G.-Z.
- Huang, H-Y.
- Huang, P.
-
Huang, Y.-C.
- Huang, Y.-J.
- Huang, Y.-W.
- Hübner, M. T.
- Huddart, A. D.
- Huerta, E. A.
- Hughey, B.
-
Hui, D. C. Y.
- Hui, V.
- Husa, S.
- Huttner, S. H.
- Huxford, R.
- Huynh-Dinh, T.
- Ide, S.
- Idzkowski, B.
- Iess, A.
- Ikenoue, B.
- Imam, S.
- Inayoshi, K.
- Inchauspe, H.
- Ingram, C.
- Inoue, Y.
- Intini, G.
- Ioka, K.
- Isi, M.
- Isleif, K.
- Ito, K.
- Itoh, Y.
- Iyer, B. R.
- Izumi, K.
-
JaberianHamedan, V.
- Jacqmin, T.
- Jadhav, S. J.
- Jadhav, S. P.
- James, A. L.
- Jan, A. Z.
- Jani, K.
- Janssens, K.
- Janthalur, N. N.
- Jaranowski, P.
- Jariwala, D.
- Jaume, R.
- Jenkins, A. C.
- Jeon, C.
- Jeunon, M.
- Jia, W.
- Jiang, J.
- Jin, H.-B.
- Johns, G. R.
- Jones, A. W.
- Jones, D. I.
- Jones, J. D.
- Jones, P.
- Jones, R.
- Jonker, R. J. G.
- Ju, L.
- Jung, K.
- Jung, P.
- Junker, J.
- Kaihotsu, K.
- Kajita, T.
- Kakizaki, M.
- Kalaghatgi, C. V.
- Kalogera, V.
-
Kamai, B.
- Kamiizumi, M.
- Kanda, N.
- Kandhasamy, S.
- Kang, G.
-
Kanner, J. B.
- Kao, Y.
- Kapadia, S. J.
-
Kapasi, D. P.
- Karat, S.
-
Karathanasis, C.
- Karki, S.
- Kashyap, R.
-
Kasprzack, M.
- Kastaun, W.
- Katsanevas, S.
- Katsavounidis, E.
- Katzman, W.
- Kaur, T.
- Kawabe, K.
- Kawaguchi, K.
- Kawai, N.
- Kawasaki, T.
- Kéfélian, F.
- Keitel, D.
- Key, J. S.
- Khadka, S.
-
Khalili, F. Y.
- Khan, I.
- Khan, S.
- Khazanov, E. A.
- Khetan, N.
- Khursheed, M.
-
Kijbunchoo, N.
- Kim, C.
- Kim, J. C.
- Kim, J.
- Kim, K.
- Kim, W. S.
- Kim, Y.-M.
- Kimball, C.
- Kimura, N.
- King, P. J.
-
Kinley-Hanlon, M.
- Kirchhoff, R.
- Kissel, J. S.
- Kita, N.
- Kitazawa, H.
- Kleybolte, L.
- Klimenko, S.
- Knee, A. M.
- Knowles, T. D.
- Knyazev, E.
- Koch, P.
- Koekoek, G.
- Kojima, Y.
- Kokeyama, K.
- Koley, S.
- Kolitsidou, P.
- Kolstein, M.
- Komori, K.
- Kondrashov, V.
-
Kong, A. K. H.
- Kontos, A.
- Koper, N.
- Korobko, M.
- Kotake, K.
-
Kovalam, M.
-
Kozak, D. B.
- Kozakai, C.
- Kozu, R.
- Kringel, V.
-
Krishnendu, N. V.
- Królak, A.
- Kuehn, G.
- Kuei, F.
- Kumar, A.
- Kumar, P.
- Kumar, Rahul
- Kumar, Rakesh
- Kume, J.
- Kuns, K.
- Kuo, C.
- Kuo, H-S.
- Kuromiya, Y.
- Kuroyanagi, S.
- Kusayanagi, K.
- Kwak, K.
- Kwang, S.
- Laghi, D.
- Lalande, E.
- Lam, T. L.
- Lamberts, A.
- Landry, M.
- Landry, P.
- Lane, B. B.
- Lang, R. N.
- Lange, J.
- Lantz, B.
- La Rosa, I.
- Lartaux-Vollard, A.
- Lasky, P. D.
- Laxen, M.
-
Lazzarini, A.
- Lazzaro, C.
- Leaci, P.
- Leavey, S.
-
Lecoeuche, Y. K.
- Lee, H. K.
- Lee, H. M.
- Lee, H. W.
- Lee, J.
- Lee, K.
- Lee, R.
- Lehmann, J.
- Lemaître, A.
- Leon, E.
- Leonardi, M.
- Leroy, N.
- Letendre, N.
- Levin, Y.
- Leviton, J. N.
-
Li, A. K. Y.
- Li, B.
- Li, J.
- Li, K. L.
-
Li, T. G. F.
- Li, X.
-
Lin, C.-Y.
- Lin, F.-K.
- Lin, F.-L.
- Lin, H. L.
- Lin, L. C.-C.
- Linde, F.
- Linker, S. D.
- Linley, J. N.
- Littenberg, T. B.
- Liu, G. C.
- Liu, J.
- Liu, K.
- Liu, X.
- Llorens-Monteagudo, M.
-
Lo, R. K. L.
- Lockwood, A.
- Lollie, M. L.
- London, L. T.
- Longo, A.
- Lopez, D.
- Lorenzini, M.
- Loriette, V.
- Lormand, M.
- Losurdo, G.
- Lough, J. D.
- Lousto, C. O.
- Lovelace, G.
- Lück, H.
- Lumaca, D.
- Lundgren, A. P.
- Luo, L.-W.
- Macas, R.
- MacInnis, M.
- Macleod, D. M.
-
MacMillan, I. A. O.
- Macquet, A.
-
Magaña Hernandez, I.
- Magaña-Sandoval, F.
- Magazzù, C.
- Magee, R. M.
- Maggiore, R.
- Majorana, E.
- Makarem, C.
- Maksimovic, I.
- Maliakal, S.
- Malik, A.
- Man, N.
- Mandic, V.
- Mangano, V.
- Mango, J. L.
- Mansell, G. L.
- Manske, M.
-
Mantovani, M.
-
Mapelli, M.
-
Marchesoni, F.
- Marchio, M.
- Marion, F.
- Mark, Z.
-
Márka, S.
-
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- LIGO Scientific Collaboration
- Virgo Collaboration
- KAGRA Collaboration
Abstract
We report the observation of gravitational waves from two compact binary coalescences in LIGO's and Virgo's third observing run with properties consistent with neutron star–black hole (NSBH) binaries. The two events are named G_W200105_162426 and GW200115_042309, abbreviated as GW200105 and GW200115; the first was observed by LIGO Livingston and Virgo and the second by all three LIGO–Virgo detectors. The source of GW200105 has component masses 8.9^(+1.2)_(-1.5) and 1.9^(+0.3)_(-0.2) M_⊙, whereas the source of GW200115 has component masses 5.7^(+1.8)_(-2.1) and 1.5^(+0.7)_(-0.3) M_⊙ (all measurements quoted at the 90% credible level). The probability that the secondary's mass is below the maximal mass of a neutron star is 89%–96% and 87%–98%, respectively, for GW200105 and GW200115, with the ranges arising from different astrophysical assumptions. The source luminosity distances are 280⁺¹¹⁰₋₁₁₀ and 300⁺¹⁵⁰₋₁₀₀ Mpc, respectively. The magnitude of the primary spin of GW200105 is less than 0.23 at the 90% credible level, and its orientation is unconstrained. For GW200115, the primary spin has a negative spin projection onto the orbital angular momentum at 88% probability. We are unable to constrain the spin or tidal deformation of the secondary component for either event. We infer an NSBH merger rate density of 45⁺⁷⁵₋₃₃ Gpc⁻³ yr⁻¹ when assuming that GW200105 and GW200115 are representative of the NSBH population or 130⁺¹¹²₋₆₉ Gpc⁻³ yr⁻¹ under the assumption of a broader distribution of component masses.
Additional Information
© 2021. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society. Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI. Received 2021 April 29; revised 2021 June 3; accepted 2021 June 4; published 2021 June 29. This material is based upon work supported by the NSF's LIGO Laboratory, which is a major facility fully funded by the National Science Foundation. The authors also gratefully acknowledge the support of the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) of the United Kingdom, the Max Planck Society (MPS), and the State of Niedersachsen/Germany for support of the construction of Advanced LIGO and construction and operation of the GEO600 detector. Additional support for Advanced LIGO was provided by the Australian Research Council. The authors gratefully acknowledge the Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), the French Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research for the construction and operation of the Virgo detector and the creation and support of the EGO consortium. The authors also gratefully acknowledge research support from these agencies, as well as the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research of India, the Department of Science and Technology, India, the Science & Engineering Research Board (SERB), India, the Ministry of Human Resource Development, India, the Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación, the Vicepresidència i Conselleria d'Innovació Recerca i Turisme and the Conselleria d'Educació i Universitat del Govern de les Illes Balears, the Conselleria d'Innovació Universitats, Ciència i Societat Digital de la Generalitat Valenciana and the CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain, the National Science Centre of Poland and the Foundation for Polish Science (FNP), the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, the Russian Science Foundation, the European Commission, the European Regional Development Funds (ERDF), the Royal Society, the Scottish Funding Council, the Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA), the French Lyon Institute of Origins (LIO), the Belgian Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (FRS-FNRS), Actions de Recherche Concertés (ARC) and Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek—Vlaanderen (FWO), Belgium, the Paris Île-de-France Region, the National Research, Development and Innovation Office Hungary (NKFIH), the National Research Foundation of Korea, the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council Canada, Canadian Foundation for Innovation (CFI), the Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovations, the International Center for Theoretical Physics South American Institute for Fundamental Research (ICTP-SAIFR), the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), the Leverhulme Trust, the Research Corporation, the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), Taiwan, the United States Department of Energy, and the Kavli Foundation. The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the NSF, STFC, INFN, and CNRS for provision of computational resources. This work was supported by MEXT, the JSPS Leading-edge Research Infrastructure Program, JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Specially Promoted Research 26000005, JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas 2905: JP17H06358, JP17H06361, and JP17H06364, JSPS Core-to-Core Program A. Advanced Research Networks, JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S) 17H06133, the joint research program of the Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, National Research Foundation (NRF) and Computing Infrastructure Project of KISTI-GSDC in Korea, Academia Sinica (AS), AS Grid Center (ASGC) and the Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST) in Taiwan under grants including AS-CDA-105-M06, Advanced Technology Center (ATC) of NAOJ, and Mechanical Engineering Center of KEK. Some of the parameter estimation analyses presented in this paper were performed using supercomputer clusters at Swinburne University of Technology (OzSTAR and SSTAR), Cardiff University (ARCCA), the Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Hypatia), and the Barcelona Supercomputing Center—Centro Nacional de Supercomputación. We would like to thank all of the essential workers who put their health at risk during the COVID-19 pandemic, without whom we would not have been able to complete this work. Software: The detection of the signal and subsequent significance evaluation were performed with the GstLAL-based inspiral software pipeline (Cannon et al. 2012; Privitera et al. 2014; Messick et al. 2017; Sachdev et al. 2019; Hanna et al. 2020), built on the LALSuite software library (LIGO Scientific Collaboration 2018), and with the PyCBC (Usman et al. 2016; Nitz et al. 2018, 2019a) and MBTA Online (Adams et al. 2016) packages. Parameter estimation was performed with the LALInference (Veitch et al. 2015) and LALSimulation libraries within LALSuite (LIGO Scientific Collaboration 2018), as well as the bilby and pbilby Libraries (Ashton et al. 2019; Smith et al. 2020) and the dynesty nested sampling package (Speagle 2020). Estimates of the noise spectra were obtained using BayesWave (Cornish & Littenberg 2015; Littenberg & Cornish 2015). Parameter estimation results were visualized and shared with the PESummary software library (Hoy & Raymond 2020). Plots were prepared with Matplotlib (Hunter 2007). Figure 1 was generated using GWpy (Macleod et al. 2020). The sky map plot also used Astropy (http://www.astropy.org), a community-developed core Python package for astronomy (Robitaille et al. 2013; Price-Whelan et al. 2018), and ligo.skymap (https://lscsoft.docs.ligo.org/ligo.skymap).Attached Files
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Additional details
- Eprint ID
- 109931
- Resolver ID
- CaltechAUTHORS:20210719-213056759
- NSF
- Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)
- Max Planck Society
- State of Niedersachsen/Germany
- Australian Research Council
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO)
- Council of Science and Industrial Research (India)
- Department of Science and Technology (India)
- Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB)
- Ministry of Human Resource Development (India)
- Agencia Estatal de Investigación
- Vicepresidència i Conselleria d'Innovació Recerca i Turisme
- Conselleria d'Educació i Universitat del Govern de les Illes Balears
- Conselleria d'Innovació Universitats, Ciència i Societat Digital de la Generalitat Valenciana
- Generalitat de Catalunya
- National Science Centre (Poland)
- Foundation for Polish Science
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF)
- Russian Foundation for Basic Research
- Russian Science Foundation
- European Commission
- European Regional Development Fund
- Royal Society
- Scottish Funding Council
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance
- Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA)
- Lyon Institute of Origins (LIO)
- Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (FNRS)
- Actions de Recherche Concertées
- Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (FWO)
- Île-de-France Region
- National Research, Development and Innovation Fund (NKFIA)
- National Research Foundation of Korea
- Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
- Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI)
- Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações e Comunicações (MCTIC)
- International Center for Theoretical Physics South American Institute for Fundamental Research (ICTP-SAIFR)
- Research Grants Council of Hong Kong
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Leverhulme Trust
- Research Corporation
- Department of Energy (DOE)
- Kavli Foundation
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)
- 26000005
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)
- JP17H06358
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)
- JP17H06361
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)
- JP17H06364
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)
- 17H06133
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research
- National Research Foundation of Korea
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)
- Academia Sinica
- AS Grid Center (ASGC)
- Ministry of Science and Technology (Taipei)
- AS-CDA-105-M06
- National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
- Kō Enerugī Kasokuki Kenkyū Kikō (KEK)
- Created
-
2021-07-19Created from EPrint's datestamp field
- Updated
-
2023-03-16Created from EPrint's last_modified field
- Caltech groups
- LIGO
- Other Numbering System Name
- LIGO Document
- Other Numbering System Identifier
- P2000357