Diadenosine 5′, 5′′′-P¹, P⁴-tetraphosphate: a pleiotropically acting alarmone?

Abstract

In 1966, Zamecnik and his colleagues found an unusual dinucleotide, diadenosine 5', 5"'-P¹, P⁴-tetraphosphate (Apa), synthesized in an in vitro system consisting of ATP, Mg²⁺, L-lysine, and purified E. coli lysyl-tRNA synthetase (Zamecnik et al., BBRC 24, 91-97, 1966). Ap₄A is synthesized in vitro by many, though possibly not all, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aa-tRNA synthetases) through aminoacyladenylate as an obligatory intermediate (reaction 3) (Goerlich et al., Eur. J. Biochem. 726, 13% 142, 1982; Brevet et al., JBC 257, 14611-14615, 1982).

Additional details