Welcome to the new version of CaltechAUTHORS. Login is currently restricted to library staff. If you notice any issues, please email coda@library.caltech.edu
Published December 20, 2020 | Submitted + Published
Journal Article Open

The ALPINE-ALMA [C II] Survey: [C II] 158 μm Emission Line Luminosity Functions at z ~ 4–6

Abstract

We present the [C II] 158 μm line luminosity functions (LFs) at z ~ 4–6 using the ALMA observations of 118 sources, which are selected to have UV luminosity M_(1500Å) < −20.2 and optical spectroscopic redshifts in COSMOS and ECDF-S. Of the 118 targets, 75 have significant [C II] detections and 43 are upper limits. This is by far the largest sample of [C II] detections, which allows us to set constraints on the volume density of [C II] emitters at z ~ 4–6. But because this is a UV-selected sample, we are missing [C II]-bright but UV-faint sources, making our constraints strict lower limits. Our derived LFs are statistically consistent with the z ~ 0 [C II] LF at 10^(8.25)–10^(9.75) L_⊙. We compare our results with the upper limits of the [C II] LF derived from serendipitous sources in the ALPINE maps. We also infer the [C II] LFs based on published far-IR and CO LFs at z ~ 4–6. Combining our robust lower limits with these additional estimates, we set further constraints on the true number density of [C II] emitters at z ~ 4–6. These additional LF estimates are largely above our LF at L_([CII]) > 10⁹ L_⊙, suggesting that UV-faint but [C II]-bright sources likely make significant contributions to the [C II] emitter volume density. When we include all the LF estimates, we find that available model predictions underestimate the number densities of [C II] emitters at z ~ 4–6. Finally, we set a constraint on the molecular gas mass density at z ~ 4–6, with ρ_(mol) ~ (2–7) × 10⁷ M_⊙ Mpc⁻³. This is broadly consistent with previous studies.

Additional Information

© 2020 The American Astronomical Society. Received 2020 May 18; revised 2020 October 8; accepted 2020 October 21; published 2020 December 23. We thank Liu, Daizhong from Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie for sending us their results in electronic form. This paper is based on data obtained with the ALMA Observatory, under Large Program 2017.1.00428.L. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF(USA) and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada), MOST and ASIAA (Taiwan), and KASI (Republic of Korea), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO and NAOJ. G.L. acknowledges support from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (project CONCERTO, grant agreement No. 788212) and from the Excellence Initiative of Aix-Marseille University-A*Midex, a French "Investissements d'Avenir" program. A.C., C.G., F.L., F.P., and M.T. acknowledge the support from grant PRIN MIUR 2017-20173ML3WW_001. S.T. acknowledge support from the European Research Council (ERC) Consolidator Grant funding scheme (project "ConTExt," grant No. 648179). The Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN) is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation under grant No. 140. Our research made use of Astropy,24 a community-developed core Python package for Astronomy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013; Price-Whelan et al. 2018). L.V. acknowledges funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 746119. G.C.J. acknowledges ERC Advanced Grant 695671 "QUENCH" and support by the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC). E.I. acknowledges partial support from FONDECYT through grant N° 1171710. J.D.S. was supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant No. JP18H04346, and the World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI Initiative), MEXT, Japan. This paper is dedicated to the memory of Olivier Le Fèvre, PI of the ALPINE survey.

Attached Files

Published - Yan_2020_ApJ_905_147.pdf

Submitted - 2006.04835.pdf

Files

2006.04835.pdf
Files (1.8 MB)
Name Size Download all
md5:b226dfc6abb817ed77a181aa2f969810
861.0 kB Preview Download
md5:32ddc81dcbb71690587b6dedcc0c9c44
923.8 kB Preview Download

Additional details

Created:
August 22, 2023
Modified:
October 20, 2023