Detection of a Population of Submillimeter-Bright, Strongly Lensed Galaxies

Creators: Negrello, M.; Hopwood, R.; De Zotti, G.; Cooray, A.; Verma, A.; Bock, J.; Frayer, D. T.; Gurwell, M. A.; Omont, A.; Neri, R.; Dannerbauer, H.; Leeuw, L. L.; Barton, E.; Cooke, J.; Kim, S.; da Cunha, E.; Rodighiero, G.; Cox, P.; Bonfield, D. G.; Jarvis, M. J.; Serjeant, S.; Ivison, R. J.; Dye, S.; Aretxaga, I.; Hughes, D. H.; Ibar, E.; Bertoldi, F.; Valtchanov, I.; Eales, S.; Dunne, L.; Driver, S. P.; Auld, R.; Buttiglione, S.; Cava, A.; Grady, C. A.; Clements, D. L.; Dariush, A.; Fritz, J.; Hill, D.; Hornbeck, J. B.; Kelvin, L.; Lagache, G.; Lopez-Caniego, M.; Gonzalez-Nuevo, J.; Maddox, S.; Pascale, E.; Pohlen, M.; Rigby, E. E.; Robotham, A.; Simpson, C.; Smith, D. J. B.; Temi, P.; Thompson, M. A.; Woodgate, B. E.; York, D. G.; Aguirre, J. E.; Beelen, A.; Blain, A.; Baker, A. J.; Birkinshaw, M.; Blundell, R.; Bradford, C. M.; Burgarella, D.; Danese, L.; Dunlop, J. S.; Fleuren, S.; Glenn, J.; Harris, A. I.; Kamenetzky, J.; Lupu, R. E.; Maddalena, R. J.; Madore, B. F.; Maloney, P. R.; Matsuhara, H.; Michaowski, M. J.; Murphy, E. J.; Naylor, B. J.; Nguyen, H.; Popescu, C.; Rawlings, S.; Rigopoulou, D.; Scott, D.; Scott, K. S.; Seibert, M.; Smail, I.; Tuffs, R. J.; Vieira, J. D.; van der Werf, P. P.; Zmuidzinas, J.

Abstract

Gravitational lensing is a powerful astrophysical and cosmological probe and is particularly valuable at submillimeter wavelengths for the study of the statistical and individual properties of dusty star-forming galaxies. However, the identification of gravitational lenses is often time-intensive, involving the sifting of large volumes of imaging or spectroscopic data to find few candidates. We used early data from the Herschel Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey to demonstrate that wide-area submillimeter surveys can simply and easily detect strong gravitational lensing events, with close to 100% efficiency.

Additional Information

© 2010 American Association for the Advancement of Science. Received 8 June 2010; accepted 21 September 2010. Herschel is an ESA space observatory with science instruments provided by European-led principal investigator consortia and with important participation from NASA. U.S. participants in H-ATLAS acknowledge support from NASA through a contract from JPL. This work was supported by the Science and Technology Facilities Council (grants PP/D002400/1 and ST/G002533/1) and studentship SF/F005288/1. We thank Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI) for funding through contract No. I/016/07/0 COFIS and ASI/Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica agreement I/072/09/0 for the Planck Low-Frequency Instrument (LFI) Activity of Phase E2. Research supported in part by Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT) grants 39953-F and 39548-F. The W. M. Keck Observatory is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and NASA. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. The Submillimeter Array is a joint project between the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and the Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics and is funded by the Smithsonian Institution and the Academia Sinica. IRAM is supported by Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers (INSU)/CNRS (France), Max Planck Society (MPG) (Germany), and Instituto Geográfico Nacional (IGN) (Spain). Z-spec was supported by NSF grant AST-0807990 to J.A. and by the CSO NSF Cooperative Agreement AST-0838261. Support was provided to J.K. by an NSF Graduate Research Fellowship. Z-spec was constructed under NASA SARA grants NAGS-11911 and NAGS-12788 and an NSF Career grant (AST-0239270) and a Research Corporation Award (RI0928) to J.G., in collaboration with JPL, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with NASA. Construction of and observations with the Zpectrometer have been supported by NSF grants AST-0503946 and AST-0708653. NRAO is a facility of the NSF operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities. The optical spectroscopic redshift of ID130 was derived from observations obtained with the Apache Point Observatory 3.5-m telescope, which is owned and operated by the Astrophysical Research Consortium. The optical spectroscopic redshifts of ID9 and ID11 were obtained with the William Herschel Telescope, which is operated on the island of La Palma by the Isaac Newton Group in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias. For the use of Keck, SMA, and CSO, the authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very important cultural role and reverence that the summit of Mauna Kea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain.

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Accepted Version - 1011.1255.pdf

Supplemental Material - Negrello-SOM.pdf

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