²³⁰Th normalization: New insights on an essential tool for quantifying sedimentary fluxes in the modern and Quaternary ocean
- Creators
- Costa, Kassandra M.
- Pavia, Frank J.
Abstract
²³⁰Th‐normalization is a valuable paleoceanographic tool for reconstructing high‐resolution sediment fluxes during the late Pleistocene (last ~500,000 years). As its application has expanded to ever more diverse marine environments, the nuances of ²³⁰Th systematics, with regards to particle type, particle size, lateral advective/diffusive redistribution, and other processes, have emerged. We synthesized over 1000 sedimentary records of ²³⁰Th from across the global ocean at two time slices, the Late Holocene (0‐5000 years ago, or 0‐5 ka) and the Last Glacial Maximum (18.5‐23.5 ka), and investigated the spatial structure of ²³⁰Th‐normalized mass fluxes. On a global scale, sedimentary mass fluxes were significantly higher during the Last Glacial Maximum (1.79‐2.17 g/cm²kyr, 95% confidence) relative to the Holocene (1.48‐1.68 g/cm²kyr, 95% confidence). We then examined the potential confounding influences of boundary scavenging, nepheloid layers, hydrothermal scavenging, size dependent sediment fractionation, and carbonate dissolution on the efficacy of ²³⁰Th as a constant flux proxy. Anomalous ²³⁰Th behavior is sometimes observed proximal to hydrothermal ridges and in continental margins where high particle fluxes and steep continental slopes can lead to the combined effects of boundary scavenging and nepheloid interference. Notwithstanding these limitations, we found that ²³⁰Th‐normalization is a robust tool for determining sediment mass accumulation rates in the majority of pelagic marine settings (> 1000 m water depth).
Additional Information
© 2020 The Authors. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Received 20 NOV 2019; Accepted 16 JAN 2020; Accepted article online 27 JAN 2020. We thank Zanna Chase and one anonymous reviewer for valuable feedback. K. M. C. was supported by a Postdoctoral Scholarship at WHOI. L. M. acknowledges funding from the Australian Research Council grant DP180100048. The contribution of C. T. H., J. F. M., and R. F. A. were supported in part by the U.S. National Science Foundation (US‐NSF). G. H. R. was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (grant NE/L002434/1). S. L. J. acknowledges support from the Swiss National Science Foundation (grants PP002P2_144811 and PP00P2_172915). This study was supported by the Past Global Changes (PAGES) project, which in turn received support from the Swiss Academy of Sciences and the US‐NSF. This work grew out of a 2018 workshop in Aix‐Marseille, France, funded by PAGES, GEOTRACES, SCOR, US‐NSF, Aix‐Marseille Université, and John Cantle Scientific. All data are publicly available as supporting information to this document and on the National Center for Environmental Information (NCEI) at https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/28791.Attached Files
Published - Costa_et_al-2020-Paleoceanography_and_Paleoclimatology.pdf
Supplemental Material - palo20842-sup-0001-2019pa003820-fs01.docx
Supplemental Material - palo20842-sup-0002-2019pa003820-ts01.xlsx
Files
Name | Size | Download all |
---|---|---|
md5:5258f415ffce74ac8132b0214ea34073
|
9.8 MB | Download |
md5:3c16289573a50114466f680f143c0136
|
12.5 MB | Preview Download |
md5:6a84f32a5b2fa73cd506a0a848c05ae1
|
220.8 kB | Download |
Additional details
- Eprint ID
- 100945
- Resolver ID
- CaltechAUTHORS:20200127-124937987
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
- DP180100048
- Australian Research Council
- NSF
- NE/L002434/1
- Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)
- PP002P2_144811
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF)
- PP00P2_172915
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF)
- Swiss Academy of Sciences
- Created
-
2020-01-28Created from EPrint's datestamp field
- Updated
-
2023-02-28Created from EPrint's last_modified field