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Published December 14, 2019 | Published
Journal Article Open

High-pressure melt curve of shock-compressed tin measured using pyrometry and reflectance techniques

Abstract

We have developed a new technique to measure the melt curve of a shocked metal sample and have used it to measure the high-pressure solid-liquid phase boundary of tin from 10 to 30 GPa and 1000 to 1800 K. Tin was shock compressed by plate impact using a single-stage powder gun, and we made accurate, time-resolved radiance, reflectance, and velocimetry measurements at the interface of the tin sample and a lithium fluoride window. From these measurements, we determined temperature and pressure at the interface vs time. We then converted these data to temperature vs pressure curves and plotted them on the tin phase diagram. The tin sample was initially shocked into the high-pressure solid γ phase, and a subsequent release wave originating from the back of the impactor lowered the pressure at the interface along a constant entropy path (release isentrope). When the release isentrope reaches the solid-liquid phase boundary, melt begins and the isentrope follows the phase boundary to low pressure. The onset of melt is identified by a significant change in the slope of the temperature-pressure release isentrope. Following the onset of melt, we obtain a continuous and highly accurate melt curve measurement. The technique allows a measurement along the melt curve with a single radiance and reflectance experiment. The measured temperature data are compared to the published equation of state calculations. Our data agree well with some but not all of the published melt curve calculations, demonstrating that this technique has sufficient accuracy to assess the validity of a given equation of state model.

Additional Information

© 2019 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Submitted: 17 October 2019; Accepted: 25 November 2019; Published Online: 10 December 2019. We are grateful for the help of Michael Burns, Russel Oliver, Ben Valencia, Mike Grover, Roy Abbott, Rick Allison, and Matthew Staska in performing the experiments. This manuscript has been authored by Mission Support and Test Services, LLC, under Contract No. DE-NA0003624 with the U.S. Department of Energy and supported by the Site-Directed Research and Development Program, National Nuclear Security Administration, NA-10 USDOE NA Office of Defense Programs (NA-10). The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. The U.S. Department of Energy will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan (http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan). The views expressed in the article do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Department of Energy or the United States Government. DOE/NV/03624–0470.

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August 22, 2023
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October 18, 2023