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Published May 2020 | Supplemental Material + Erratum + Accepted Version + Published
Journal Article Open

Genetic tool development in marine protists: Emerging model organisms for experimental cell biology

Drahomíra, Faktorová ORCID icon
Tsypin, Lev ORCID icon

Abstract

Diverse microbial ecosystems underpin life in the sea. Among these microbes are many unicellular eukaryotes that span the diversity of the eukaryotic tree of life. However, genetic tractability has been limited to a few species, which do not represent eukaryotic diversity or environmentally relevant taxa. Here, we report on the development of genetic tools in a range of protists primarily from marine environments. We present evidence for foreign DNA delivery and expression in 13 species never before transformed and for advancement of tools for eight other species, as well as potential reasons for why transformation of yet another 17 species tested was not achieved. Our resource in genetic manipulation will provide insights into the ancestral eukaryotic lifeforms, general eukaryote cell biology, protein diversification and the evolution of cellular pathways.

Additional Information

© 2020 The Author(s). This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Received 26 June 2019; Accepted 02 March 2020; Published 06 April 2020. We thank M. Salisbury and D. Lacono, C. Poirier, M. Hamilton, C. Eckmann, H. Igel, C. Yung and K. Hoadley for assistance; V.K. Nagarajan, M. Accerbi and P.J. Green who carried out Agrobacterium studies in Heterosigma akashiwo, and N. Kraeva, C. Bianchi and V. Yurchenko for the help with designing the p57-V5+NeoR construct. We are also grateful to the protocols.io team (L. Teytelman and A. Broellochs) for their support. This collaborative effort was supported by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation EMS Program of the Marine Microbiology Initiative (grant nos. GBMF4972 and 4972.01 to F.-Y.B.; GBMF4970 and 4970.01 to M.A. and A.Z.W.; GBMF3788 to A.Z.W.; GBMF 4968 and 4968.01 to H.C.; GBMF4984 to V.H.; GBMF4974 and 4974.01 to C. Brownlee; GBMF4964 to Y. Hirakawa; GBMF4961 to T. Mock; GBMF4958 to P.S.; GBMF4957 to A.T.; GBMF4960 to G.J.S.; GBMF4979 to K.C.; GBMF4982 and 4982.01 to J.L.C.; GBMF4964 to P.J.K.; GBMF4981 to P.v.D.; GBMF5006 to A.E.A.; GBMF4986 to C.M.; GBMF4962 to J.A.F.R.; GBMF4980 and 4980.01 to S.L.; GBMF 4977 and 4977.01 to R.F.W.; GBMF4962.01 to C.H.S.; GBMF4985 to J.M.; GBMF4976 and 4976.01 to C.H.; GBMF4963 and 4963.01 to V.E.; GBMF5007 to C.L.D.; GBMF4983 and 4983.01 to J.L.; GBMF4975 and 4975.01 to A.D.T.; GBMF4973 and 4973.01 to I.R.-T. and GBMF4965 to N.K.), by The Leverhulme Trust (RPG-2017-364) to T. Mock and A. Hopes, and by ERD funds (16_019/0000759) from the Czech Ministry of Education to J.L. Data availability: The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding authors as well as the other authors upon request (for the contacts see Supplementary Table 6). Source data for Figs. 3 and 4 and Supplementary Figs. 9b,c, 11a and 12b,c are available online. Author Contributions: The project was conceived and designed by A.C.J., J.Z.K., S.B., D.F., J.L., R.E.R.N., J.A.F.R., E.C., L.S., A.Z.W., T. Mock, A.E.A., F.-Y.B, C. Brownlee, C. Bowler, H.C., T.C., J.L.C., K.C., C.L.D., V.E., V.H., Y. Hirakawa, C.J.H., P.J.K., N.K., S.L., C.M., J.M., I.R.-T., P.A.S., C.H.S., G.J.S., A.D.T., P.v.D., A.T. and R.F.W. Data analysis was carried out by M.A.Jr, C.A., C. Balestreri, A.C.B., P.B., D.S.B., S.A.B., G.B., R.C., M.A.C., D.B.C., E.C.C., R.D., E.E., P.A.E., F.F., V.F.-B., N.J.F., K.F., P.A.G., P.R.G., F.G., S.G.G., J.G., Y. Hanawa, E.R.H.-C., E.H., A. Highfield, A. Hopes, I.H., J.I., N.A.T.I., Y.I., N.E.J., A.K., K.F.-K., B.K., E.K., L.A.K., N.L., I.L., Z.L., J.-C.L., F.L., S.M., T. Matute, M.M., S.R.N., D.N., I.C.N., L.N., A.M.G.N.V., M.N., I.N., A. Pain, A. Piersanti, S.P., J.P., J.S.R., M.R., D.R., A.R., M.A.S., E.C.S., B.N.S., R.S., T.v.d.H., L.T., J.T., M.V., V.V., L.W., X.W., G.W., A.W. and H.Z. The manuscript was written by D.F., R.E.R.N., J.A.F.R., E.C., L.S., T. Mock, A.Z.W. and J.L. with input from all authors. The authors declare no competing interests.

Errata

This paper was originally published under standard Springer Nature copyright (© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature America, Inc.). It is now available as an open-access paper under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. The error has been corrected in the print, PDF and HTML versions of the article.

Attached Files

Published - s41592-020-0796-x.pdf

Accepted Version - 718239.full.pdf

Supplemental Material - 41592_2020_796_MOESM1_ESM.pdf

Supplemental Material - 41592_2020_796_MOESM2_ESM.pdf

Supplemental Material - 41592_2020_796_MOESM3_ESM.pdf

Supplemental Material - 41592_2020_796_MOESM4_ESM.xlsx

Supplemental Material - 41592_2020_796_MOESM5_ESM.xlsx

Supplemental Material - 41592_2020_796_MOESM6_ESM.pdf

Supplemental Material - 41592_2020_796_MOESM7_ESM.pdf

Erratum - s41592-020-0828-6.pdf

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Additional details

Identifiers Related works Funding Dates
Created:
August 22, 2023
Modified:
October 23, 2023