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Published May 20, 2019 | Published + Accepted Version
Journal Article Open

Elusive Majority of Young Moving Groups. I. Young Binaries and Lithium-rich Stars in the Solar Neighborhood

Abstract

Young stars in the solar neighborhood serve as nearby probes of stellar evolution and represent promising targets to directly image self-luminous giant planets. We have carried out an all-sky search for late-type (≈K7–M5) stars within 100 pc selected primarily on the basis of activity indicators from the Galaxy Evolution Explorer and ROSAT. Approximately 2000 active and potentially young stars are identified, of which we have followed up over 600 with low-resolution optical spectroscopy and over 1000 with diffraction-limited imaging using Robo-AO at the Palomar 1.5 m telescope. Strong lithium is present in 58 stars, implying ages spanning ≈10–200 Myr. Most of these lithium-rich stars are new or previously known members of young moving groups including TWA, β Pic, Tuc-Hor, Carina, Columba, Argus, AB Dor, Upper Centaurus Lupus, and Lower Centaurus Crux; the rest appear to be young low-mass stars without connections to established kinematic groups. Over 200 close binaries are identified down to 0."2—the vast majority of which are new—and will be valuable for dynamical mass measurements of young stars with continued orbit monitoring in the future.

Additional Information

© 2019 The American Astronomical Society. Received 2018 June 25; revised 2019 February 11; accepted 2019 March 1; published 2019 May 24. It is a pleasure to thank Diane Harmer, Sean Points, and all support staff and telescope operators at KPNO and CTIO who helped make these observations possible. C.Z. is supported by a Dunlap Fellowship at the Dunlap Institute for Astronomy & Astrophysics, funded through an endowment established by the Dunlap family and the University of Toronto. V.S. was supported part from the John W. Cox Endowment for the Advanced Studies in Astronomy. This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. This work has made use of data from the European Space Agency (ESA) mission Gaia (https://www.cosmos.esa.int/gaia), processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC; https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/dpac/consortium). Funding for the DPAC has been provided by national institutions, in particular the institutions participating in the Gaia Multilateral Agreement. This publication makes use of data products from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Robo-AO system was developed by collaborating partner institutions, the California Institute of Technology and the Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, and with the support of the National Science Foundation under grant Nos. AST-0906060, AST-0960343, and AST-1207891; the Mt. Cuba Astronomical Foundation; and by a gift from Samuel Oschin. Ongoing science operation support of Robo-AO is provided by the California Institute of Technology and the University of Hawai'i. C.B. acknowledges support from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. NASA's Astrophysics Data System Bibliographic Services together with the VizieR catalog access tool and SIMBAD database operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France, were invaluable resources for this work. Based on observations made with the NASA Galaxy Evolution Explorer. GALEX is operated for NASA by the California Institute of Technology under NASA contract NAS5-98034. This research has made use of the Washington Double Star Catalog maintained at the U.S. Naval Observatory. Based in part on observations obtained at the Southern Astrophysical Research (SOAR) telescope (NOAO Prop. ID 2013B-0496, 2014A-0019, 2015A-0016; PI: B. Bowler), which is a joint project of the Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovaçãos e Comunicaçãoes (MCTIC) do Brasil, the U.S. National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO), the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC), and Michigan State University (MSU). Based in part on observations at Kitt Peak National Observatory, National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO Prop. IDs 2013B-0496, 2014A-0019, 2015A-0016; PI: B. Bowler), which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. Institutional allocation for the Robo-AO observations at the P60 telescope was provided based on the prior affiliation of B.P.B. and S.H. with the California Institute of Technology. The authors are honored to be permitted to conduct astronomical research on Iolkam Du'ag (Kitt Peak), a mountain with particular significance to the Tohono O'odham. Facilities: Mayall (RC-Spec) - , SOAR (Goodman Spectrograph) - , PO:1.5 m (Robo-AO) - , UH:2.2 m (SNIFS) - .

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Published - Bowler_2019_ApJ_877_60.pdf

Accepted Version - 1903.06303.pdf

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Additional details

Created:
August 19, 2023
Modified:
October 20, 2023