Two-Dimensional Photonic Crystals for Engineering Atom-Light Interactions

Creators: Yu, Su-Peng; Muniz, Juan A.; Hung, Chen-Lung; Kimble, H. J.

Abstract

We present a two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystal system for interacting with cold cesium (Cs) atoms. The band structures of the 2D photonic crystals are predicted to produce unconventional atom-light interaction behaviors, including anisotropic emission, suppressed spontaneous decay and photon mediated atom-atom interactions controlled by the position of the atomic array relative to the photonic crystal. An optical conveyor technique is presented for continuously loading atoms into the desired trapping positions with optimal coupling to the photonic crystal. The device configuration also enables application of optical tweezers for controlled placement of atoms. Devices can be fabricated reliably from a 200nm silicon nitride device layer using a lithography-based process, producing predicted optical properties in transmission and reflection measurements. These 2D photonic crystal devices can be readily deployed to experiments for many-body physics with neutral atoms, and engineering of exotic quantum matter.

Additional Information

© 2019 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. This open access article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND). Contributed by H. J. Kimble, May 9, 2019 (sent for review December 31, 2018; reviewed by Antonio Badolato and Hannes Pichler). PNAS first published June 12, 2019. We gratefully acknowledge discussions with Andrew McClung, Jonathan Hood, Lucas Peng, Xingsheng Luan, Alexander Burgers, Michael J. Martin, and Ana Asenjo-García from the Caltech Quantum Optics Group; and with Alejandro González-Tudela and Ignacio Cirac (Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Garching). S.-P.Y. and J.A.M. acknowledge support from the International Fulbright Science and Technology Award. C.-L.H. acknowledges support from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR), Grant FA9550-17-1-0298 and the Office of Naval Research (ONR), Grant N00014-17-1-2289. H.J.K. acknowledges funding from ONR Grant N00014-16-1-2399, ONR Multidisciplinary University Research Initiatives (MURI) Quantum Opto-Mechanics with Atoms and Nanostructured Diamond Grant N00014-15-1-2761, AFOSR MURI Photonic Quantum Matter Grant FA9550-16-1-0323, the National Science Foundation (NSF) Grant PHY-1205729, and the NSF Institute for Quantum Information and Matter Grant PHY-1125565. H.J.K. also acknowledges the support of the Caltech Kavli Nanoscience Institute and the cleanroom facilities of O. Painter and his group, where device fabrication was carried out by S.-P.Y. S.-P.Y. and J.A.M. contributed equally to this work. Author contributions: S.-P.Y., J.A.M., C.-L.H., and H.J.K. designed research; S.-P.Y., J.A.M., C.-L.H., and H.J.K. performed research; S.-P.Y. and J.A.M. contributed new reagents/analytic tools; S.-P.Y. and J.A.M. analyzed data; and S.-P.Y., J.A.M., C.-L.H., and H.J.K. wrote the paper. Reviewers: A.B., University of Ottawa; and H.P., Harvard University. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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