Electrical Control of Linear Dichroism in Black Phosphorus from the Visible to Mid-Infrared
Abstract
The incorporation of electrically tunable materials into photonic structures such as waveguides and metasurfaces enables dynamic control of light propagation by an applied potential. While many materials have been shown to exhibit electrically tunable permittivity and dispersion, including transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) and III-V semiconductors and quantum wells, these materials are all optically isotropic in the propagation plane. In this work, we report the first known example of electrically tunable linear dichroism, observed here in few-layer black phosphorus (BP), which is a promising candidate for multi-functional, broadband, tunable photonic elements. We measure active modulation of the linear dichroism from the mid-infrared to visible frequency range, which is driven by anisotropic quantum-confined Stark and Burstein-Moss effects, and field-induced forbidden-to-allowed optical transitions. Moreover, we observe high BP absorption modulation strengths, approaching unity for certain thicknesses and photon energies.
Additional Information
The authors gratefully acknowledge support from the Department of Energy, Office of Science under Grant DE-FG02-07ER46405 and for facilities of the DOE "Light-Material Interactions in Energy Conversion" Energy Frontier Research Center (DE-SC0001293). W.S.W. also acknowledges support from an NDSEG Graduate Research Fellowship. M.C.S., D.J. and C.M.W. acknowledge fellowship support from the Resnick Institute. J.W. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under grant no. 1144469.Attached Files
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Additional details
- Eprint ID
- 84880
- Resolver ID
- CaltechAUTHORS:20180220-074419931
- Department of Energy (DOE)
- DE-FG02-07ER46405
- Department of Energy (DOE)
- DE-SC0001293
- National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate (NDSEG) Fellowship
- Resnick Sustainability Institute
- NSF Graduate Research Fellowship
- DGE-1144469
- Created
-
2018-02-22Created from EPrint's datestamp field
- Updated
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2023-06-02Created from EPrint's last_modified field
- Caltech groups
- Resnick Sustainability Institute, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences (GPS)