Practical device-independent quantum cryptography via entropy accumulation

Creators: Arnon-Friedman, Rotem; Dupuis, Frédéric; Fawzi, Omar; Renner, Renato; Vidick, Thomas

Abstract

Device-independent cryptography goes beyond conventional quantum cryptography by providing security that holds independently of the quality of the underlying physical devices. Device-independent protocols are based on the quantum phenomena of non-locality and the violation of Bell inequalities. This high level of security could so far only be established under conditions which are not achievable experimentally. Here we present a property of entropy, termed "entropy accumulation", which asserts that the total amount of entropy of a large system is the sum of its parts. We use this property to prove the security of cryptographic protocols, including device-independent quantum key distribution, while achieving essentially optimal parameters. Recent experimental progress, which enabled loophole-free Bell tests, suggests that the achieved parameters are technologically accessible. Our work hence provides the theoretical groundwork for experimental demonstrations of device-independent cryptography.

Additional Information

© 2018 Macmillan Publishers. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Received: 11 July 2017. Accepted: 20 November 2017. Published online: 31 January 2018. We thank Asher Arnon for the illustrations presented in Figs. 1, 4, and 5. R.A.F. and R.R. were supported by the Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Study (STIAS), by the European Commission via the project "RAQUEL", by the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant No. 200020–135048) and the National Centre of Competence in Research "Quantum Science and Technology", by the European Research Council (grant No. 258932), and by the US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (grant No. FA9550-16-1-0245). F.D. acknowledges the financial support of the Czech Science Foundation (GA ČR) project no GA16-22211S and of the European Commission FP7 Project RAQUEL (grant No. 323970). O.F. acknowledges support from the LABEX MILYON (ANR-10-LABX-0070) of Université de Lyon, within the program "Investissements d'Avenir" (ANR-11-IDEX-0007) operated by the French National Research Agency (ANR). T.V. was partially supported by NSF CAREER Grant CCF-1553477, an AFOSR YIP award, the IQIM, and NSF Physics Frontiers Center (NFS Grant PHY-1125565) with support of the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (GBMF-12500028). Data availability: No data sets were generated or analysed during the current study. Author Contributions: R.A.F., F.D., O.F., R.R., and T.V. contributed equally to this work. The authors declare that they have no competing financial interests.

Attached Files

Published - vidick.pdf

Supplemental Material - 41467_2017_2307_MOESM1_ESM.pdf

Files

41467_2017_2307_MOESM1_ESM.pdf

Files (1.0 MB)

Name	Size	Download all
41467_2017_2307_MOESM1_ESM.pdf md5:96f11a7299a3af9563cf0a24b19e7164	161.8 kB	Preview Download
vidick.pdf md5:113da2617892b9ad334a7e943bf766d7	886.1 kB	Preview Download

Additional details

	All versions	This version
Views	0	0
Downloads	0	0
Data volume	0 Bytes	0 Bytes