Two Small Planets Transiting HD 3167

Creators: Vanderburg, Andrew; Bieryla, Allyson; Duev, Dmitry A.; Jensen-Clem, Rebecca; Latham, David W.; Mayo, Andrew W.; Baranec, Christoph; Berlind, Perry; Kulkarni, Shrinivas; Law, Nicholas M.; Nieberding, Megan N.; Riddle, Reed; Salama, Maïssa

Abstract

We report the discovery of two super-Earth-sized planets transiting the bright (V = 8.94, K = 7.07) nearby late G-dwarf HD 3167, using data collected by the K2 mission. The inner planet, HD 3167 b, has a radius of 1.6 R_⊕ and an ultra-short orbital period of only 0.96 days. The outer planet, HD 3167 c, has a radius of 2.9 R_⊕ and orbits its host star every 29.85 days. At a distance of just 45.8 ± 2.2 pc, HD 3167 is one of the closest and brightest stars hosting multiple transiting planets, making HD 3167 b and c well suited for follow-up observations. The star is chromospherically inactive with low rotational line-broadening, ideal for radial velocity observations to measure the planets' masses. The outer planet is large enough that it likely has a thick gaseous envelope that could be studied via transmission spectroscopy. Planets transiting bright, nearby stars like HD 3167 are valuable objects to study leading up to the launch of the James Webb Space Telescope.

Additional Information

© 2016 American Astronomical Society. Received 2016 July 18; revised 2016 August 8; accepted 2016 August 15; published 2016 September 15. We thank Hannah Diamond-Lowe, Christophe Lovis, and Phil Muirhead for valuable conversations, and we thank the anonymous referee for helpful comments. A.V. is supported by the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship, grant No. DGE 1144152. D.W.L. acknowledges partial support from the Kepler mission under NASA Cooperative Agreement NNX13AB58A with the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. C.B. acknowledges support from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System and the NASA Exoplanet Archive, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the Exoplanet Exploration Program. The National Geographic Society–Palomar Observatory Sky Atlas was made by the California Institute of Technology with grants from the National Geographic Society. The Oschin Schmidt Telescope is operated by the California Institute of Technology and Palomar Observatory. This Letter includes data collected by the Kepler mission. Funding for the Kepler mission is provided by the NASA Science Mission directorate. Some of the data presented in this Letter were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST). STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5–26555. Support for MAST for non-Hubble Space Telescope data is provided by the NASA Office of Space Science via grant NNX13AC07G and by other grants and contracts. Robo-AO KP is a partnership between the California Institute of Technology, University of Hawai'i Mānoa, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, the Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, and the National Central University, Taiwan. Robo-AO KP was supported by a grant from Sudha Murty, Narayan Murthy, and Rohan Murty. The Robo-AO instrument was developed with support from the National Science Foundation under grants AST-0906060, AST-0960343, and AST-1207891, the Mt. Cuba Astronomical Foundation, and by a gift from Samuel Oschin. Based in part on observations at Kitt Peak National Observatory, National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO Prop. ID: 15B-3001), which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. Facilities: Kepler/K2 - The Kepler Mission, FLWO: 1.5 m (TRES) - , KPNO: 2.1 m (Robo-AO). -

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