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Published March 2013 | Published
Journal Article Open

Photoacoustic microscopy in tissue engineering

Abstract

Photoacoustic tomography (PAT) is an attractive modality for noninvasive, volumetric imaging of scattering media such as biological tissues. By choosing the ultrasonic detection frequency, PAT enables scalable spatial resolution with an imaging depth of up to ∼7 cm while maintaining a high depth-to-resolution ratio of ∼200 and consistent optical absorption contrasts. Photoacoustic microscopy (PAM), the microscopic embodiment of PAT, aims to image at millimeter depth and micrometer-scale resolution. PAM is well-suited for characterizing three-dimensional scaffold-based samples, including scaffolds themselves, cells, and blood vessels, both qualitatively and quantitatively. Here we review our previous work on applications of PAM in tissue engineering and then discuss its future developments.

Additional Information

© 2013 Elsevier Ltd. Open access under CC BY-NC-ND license. Available online 24 April 2013. We are grateful to Sandra Matteucci for close reading of the manuscript. Our work was supported in part by an NIH Director's Pioneer Award (DP1 OD000798) and startup funds from Georgia Institute of Technology (to Y.X.). Our work was also sponsored by NIH grants R01 EB000712, R01 EB008085, R01 CA140220, R01 CA157277, R01 CA159959, U54 CA136398, and DP1 EB016986 – NIH Director's Pioneer Award (to L.V.W.). L.V.W. has a financial interest in Microphotoacoustics, Inc. and Endra, Inc., which, however, did not support this work. Others claim no competing financial interests.

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August 19, 2023
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