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Published April 1991 | Supplemental Material
Journal Article Open

Chemical Composition of Emissions from Urban Sources of Fine Organic Aerosol

Abstract

A dilution source sampling system was used to collect primary fine aerosol emissions from important sources of urban organic aerosol, including a boiler burning No. 2 fuel oil, a home fireplace, a fleet of catalyst-equipped and noncatalyst automobiles, heavy-duty diesel trucks, natural gas home appliances, and meat cooking operations. Alternative dilution sampling techniques were used to collect emissions from cigarette smoking and a roofing tar pot, and grab sample techniques were employed to characterize paved road dust, brake lining wear, tire wear, and vegetative detritus. Organic aerosol constituted the majority of the fine aerosol mass emitted from many of the sources tested. Fine primary organic aerosol emissions within the heavily urbanized western portion of the Los Angeles Basin were determined to total 29.8 metric tons/day. Over 40% of these organic aerosol emissions are from anthropogenic pollution sources that are expected to emit contemporary (nonfossil) aerosol carbon, in good agreement with the available ambient monitoring data.

Additional Information

© 1991 American Chemical Society. Received for review April 30, 1990. Revised manuscript received October 23, 1990. Accepted November 1, 1990. The principal support for this research was provided by the basic research grants program of the US. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (Grant R-813277-01-0). This manuscript has not been subject to the EPA's peer and policy review, and hence does not necessarily reflect the views of the EPA. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute EPA endorsement or recommendation for use. Additional support was provided by the Hewlett Foundation (Grant 83-1208), and by general discretionary gifts to the Environmental Quality Laboratory. We thank the many groups who made the source sampling experiments possible. Boiler tests were conducted with the help of Caltech Central Plant personnel. The staff of the Caltech Housing Office facilitated the fireplace and home appliance experiments. The automobile and truck dynamometer facilities were provided by the California Air Resources Board, Haagen-Smit Laboratory, El Monte, CA. Continental Food Service in Pasadena, CA, provided facilities and cooking expertise during the hamburger-cooking tests. Employees of Caltech's Physical Plant department assisted in obtaining grab samples of paved road dust and brake dust and cooperated during sampling of the roofing tar pot. Staff at the Los Angeles County Arboretum, Rancho Santa Ana, and Eaton Canyon Park permitted leaf samples to be collected and assisted in identification of the plant species. Monica Mazurek and Lynn Salmon helped develop the vegetation sampling protocol and assisted in the collection of the leaf samples. Thanks are due to NEA Inc. for trace-element analysis by X-ray fluorescence, and to Sunset Laboratory for measurement of elemental and organic carbon by combustion techniques. Finally, thanks also go to Theresa Fall, Lynn Salmon, and Michael Jones of Caltech for their assistance in analysis of the ionic species.

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August 19, 2023
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October 19, 2023