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Published February 7, 2013 | Published
Book Section - Chapter Open

Particle acceleration in the heliosphere

Abstract

The heliosphere is filled with supersonic solar wind that forms shocks wherever it encounters obstacles, be they a high speed Coronal Mass Ejection (CME), or regions where fastsolar wind encounters slower-moving solar wind. Energetic particles (> 10s of keV/nuc to 10s of MeV/nuc) associated with these shocks form a test bed for understanding particle acceleration since the shock properties can often be measured and energetic particle composition compared to candidate seed populations. Over the past 15-20 years a wide body of evidence has emerged showing that generally the seed population is the suprathermal ion pool at energies above the bulk solar wind. Understanding the interplanetary suprathermal ion population is therefore a critical step in fully understanding the physical mechanisms that accelerate particles in interplanetary space.

Additional Information

© 2013 American Institute of Physics. This work was supported by NASA contract NNX10AT75G. For permission to reprint copyrighted material, we thank the American Institute of Physics (Fig. 1) and the American Geophysical Union (Figs. 3 a, b). Figs. 2a, b, and 4a are reproduced with permission of the AAS. Figure 4b is reproduced with kind permission from Springer Science+Business Media B.V. from Space Science Rev., vol 130, 2007, 207, On the Differences in Composition between Solar Energetic Particles and Solar Wind, by Mewaldt, R. A.; Cohen, C. M. S.; Mason, G. M.; Cummings, A. C.; Desai, M. I.; Leske, R. A.; Raines, J.; Stone, E. C.; Wiedenbeck, M. E.; von Rosenvinge, T. T.; Zurbuchen, T. H., Figure 3 (right panel), © 2007 by Springer.

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