Measuring wanting and liking from animals to humans: A systematic review
Abstract
Animal research has shown it is possible to want a reward that is not liked once obtained. Although these findings have elicited interest, human experiments have produced contradictory results, raising doubts about the existence of separate wanting and liking influences in human reward processing. This discrepancy could be due to inconsistences in the operationalization of these concepts. We systematically reviewed the methodologies used to assess human wanting and/or liking and found that most studies operationalized these concepts in congruency with the animal literature. Nonetheless, numerous studies operationalized wanting in similar ways to those that operationalized liking. These contradictions might be driven by a major source of confound: expected pleasantness. Expected pleasantness underlies cognitive desires and does not correspond to animal liking, a hedonic experience, or to animal wanting, which relies on affective relevance, consisting of the perception of a cue associated with a relevant reward for the organism's current physiological state. Extending the concept of affective relevance and differentiating it from expected pleasantness might improve measures of human wanting and liking.
Additional Information
© 2016 Elsevier Ltd. Received 2 October 2015; Received in revised form 5 January 2016; Accepted 21 January 2016; Available online 3 February 2016. This research was supported by the National Center of Competence in Research (NCCR) for the Affective Sciences, financed by a grant from the Swiss National Science Foundation (51NF40-104897), hosted by the University of Geneva and by an Early Postdoctoral Mobility fellowship from the Swiss National Science Foundation (P2GEP1 162079) to Eva Pool.Attached Files
Supplemental Material - table.csv
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Additional details
- Eprint ID
- 64503
- Resolver ID
- CaltechAUTHORS:20160216-111654931
- National Center of Competence in Research (NCCR)
- 51NF40-104897
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF)
- P2GEP1_162079
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF)
- Created
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2016-02-17Created from EPrint's datestamp field
- Updated
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2021-11-10Created from EPrint's last_modified field