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Published January 12, 2016 | Supplemental Material + Published
Journal Article Open

Reconstruction of the insulin-like signalling pathway of Haemonchus contortus

Abstract

Background: In the present study, we reconstructed the insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 signalling (IIS) pathway for Haemonchus contortus, which is one of the most important eukaryotic pathogens of livestock worldwide and is related to the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Methods: We curated full-length open-reading frames from assembled transcripts, defined the complement of genes that encode proteins involved in this pathway and then investigated the transcription profiles of these genes for all key developmental stages of H. contortus. Results: The core components of the IIS pathway are similar to their respective homologs in C. elegans. However, there is considerable variation in the numbers of isoforms between H. contortus and C. elegans and an absence of AKT-2 and DDL-2 homologs from H. contortus. Interestingly, DAF-16 has a single isoform in H. contortus compared with 12 in C. elegans, suggesting novel functional roles in the parasitic nematode. Some IIS proteins, such as DAF-18 and SGK-1, vary in their functional domains, indicating distinct roles from their homologs in C. elegans. Conclusions: This study paves the way for the further characterization of key signalling pathways in other socioeconomically important parasites and should help understand the complex mechanisms involved in developmental processes.

Additional Information

© Mohandas et al. 2016. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. Received: 12 January 2016. Accepted: 26 January 2016. Published: 3 February 2016. Funding from the Australian Research Council (ARC) and the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (NHMRC) is gratefully acknowledged, as is support from the Victorian Life Sciences Computation Initiative (VLSCI; grant number VR0007) (RBG). Other support was from grants from the National Key Basic Research Program (973 program) of China (no. 2015CB150300), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (no. 31172310) (MH) and from the National Institute of Health (NIH), USA (AI-50688) (JBL). We acknowledge the contributions of staff at WormBase (www.wormbase.org). AJS is a recipient of a Melbourne International Research Scholarship (MIRS) and a Melbourne International Fee Remission Scholarship (MIFRS) from The University of Melbourne. Authors' contributions: Conceived and designed the study and supervised the project: RBG. Undertook the study and data analysis: NM and RBG. Contributed to developing bioinformatic tools: NM, NDY and RBG. Contributed to the interpretation of findings, and drafting or formatting of the manuscript: NM, RBG, JBL, MH, AJS and PWS. Planned and wrote the paper: NM, RBG, JBL and MH. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript. The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Created:
August 20, 2023
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October 17, 2023