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Published February 25, 1966 | public
Journal Article

A Comparison of U.S. and Soviet Efforts to Explore Mars

Abstract

The year 1965 was a momentous one in the unmanned exploration of Mars. The U.S. spacecraft Mariner IV obtained 21 close-up pictures of that planet and successfully returned these and other scientific data to Earth. Earlier in the year, a larger Soviet spacecraft, Zond II, failed in flight after completing 61 percent of the journey-almost an exact repetition of the failure of the earlier Soviet spacecraft Mars I, launched 1 November 1962.

Additional Information

© 1966 American Association for the Advancement of Science. We are indebted to Dr. Philip K. Eckman of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory for thoughtful technical discussions and technical review. All views expressed in this article are our own. They should not be interpreted as reflecting the views of the Rand Corporation or the California Institute of Technology or the official opinion or policy of any governmental or private sponsors of research.

Additional details

Created:
August 19, 2023
Modified:
October 25, 2023