Theoretical and experimental study of second harmonic generation from the surface of the topological insulator Bi_2Se_3
Abstract
We develop a theoretical model that describes the second harmonic generation of light from the surface of the topological insulator Bi_2Se_3 and experimentally demonstrate that the technique is sensitive to the surface electrons. By performing a crystal symmetry analysis of Bi_2Se_3 (111) we determine the nonlinear electric susceptibility tensor elements that give rise to second harmonic generation. Using these results, we present a phenomenological model that shows that the relative magnitudes of these tensor elements can be determined by measuring the polarization and intensity of the radiated second harmonic light as a function of the in-plane crystal orientation and incident laser polarization. We describe optical techniques capable of isolating second harmonic light and, using these techniques, we measure the first-order linear optical and second-order nonlinear optical responses as a function of crystal orientation and laser polarization on bulk single crystals of Bi_2Se_3 (111). The experimental results are consistent with our theoretical description. By comparing the data to our theoretical model we determine that a portion of the measured second harmonic light originates from the accumulation region of Bi_2Se_3 (111), which we confirm by performing surface doping-dependent studies. Our results show that second harmonic generation is a promising tool for spectroscopic studies of topological surfaces and buried interfaces.
Additional Information
©2012 American Physical Society. Received 23 April 2012. Revised 28 June 2012. Published 27 July 2012. This work is supported by D.O.E. Grant No. DE-FG02-08ER46521.Attached Files
Published - PhysRevB.86.035327.pdf
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Additional details
- Alternative title
- Theoretical and experimental study of second harmonic generation from the surface of the topological insulator Bi2Se3
- Eprint ID
- 48507
- Resolver ID
- CaltechAUTHORS:20140813-113027377
- DE-FG02-08ER46521
- Department of Energy (DOE)
- Created
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2014-08-13Created from EPrint's datestamp field
- Updated
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2021-11-10Created from EPrint's last_modified field