An innovative system for 3D clinical photography in the resource-limited settings
Abstract
Background: Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is the most frequently occurring cancer in Mozambique among men and the second most frequently occurring cancer among women. Effective therapeutic treatments for KS are poorly understood in this area. There is an unmet need to develop a simple but accurate tool for improved monitoring and diagnosis in a resource-limited setting. Standardized clinical photographs have been considered to be an essential part of the evaluation. Methods: When a therapeutic response is achieved, nodular KS often exhibits a reduction of the thickness without a change in the base area of the lesion. To evaluate the vertical space along with other characters of a KS lesion, we have created an innovative imaging system with a consumer light-field camera attached to a miniature "photography studio" adaptor. The image file can be further processed by computational methods for quantification. Results: With this novel imaging system, each high-quality 3D image was consistently obtained with a single camera shot at bedside by minimally trained personnel. After computational processing, all-focused photos and measurable 3D parameters were obtained. More than 80 KS image sets were processed in a semi-automated fashion. Conclusions: In this proof-of-concept study, the feasibility to use a simple, low-cost and user-friendly system has been established for future clinical study to monitor KS therapeutic response. This 3D imaging system can be also applied to obtain standardized clinical photographs for other diseases.
Additional Information
© 2014 Baghdadchi et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. Received: 3 April 2014 Accepted: 6 June 2014; Published: 15 June 2014. This research is supported by UCSD Cancer Center (NIH/NCI P30 CA23100) and Center for AIDS Research (NIAID P30 AI36214) HIV associated malignancy pilot grant (YL), and 5R21CA137346-02 (YL). We thank Robert Schooley for his support and advice on this study, Isaiah Freerksen and Mark Steinborn for assisting 3D printing and Alex Liu for preparing Figure 1 A-C. Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Authors' contributions: Conceived and designed the experiments: YL, JC, DC, SE; Performed the laboratory experiments: SB, KL, JC, YL; Performed the clinical work: JK, GP, SG, KA, RM, RB, ER; Analyzed the data: SB, KL, JC, YL; Wrote the paper: YL, JC, SB, KL. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.Attached Files
Published - 1479-5876-12-169.pdf
Supplemental Material - 1479-5876-12-169-s1.mp4
Supplemental Material - 1479-5876-12-169-s2.mp4
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Additional details
- PMCID
- PMC4065604
- Eprint ID
- 47693
- Resolver ID
- CaltechAUTHORS:20140731-083858464
- P30 CA23100
- National Cancer Institute
- P30 AI36214
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
- 5R21CA137346-02
- National Cancer Institute
- Created
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2014-07-31Created from EPrint's datestamp field
- Updated
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2021-11-10Created from EPrint's last_modified field