Graphene Nanoelectromechanical Systems as Stochastic-Frequency Oscillators
Abstract
We measure the quality factor Q of electrically driven few-layer graphene drumhead resonators, providing an experimental demonstration that Q ~ 1/T, where T is the temperature. We develop a model that includes intermodal coupling and tensioned graphene resonators. Because the resonators are atomically thin, out-of-plane fluctuations are large. As a result, Q is mainly determined by stochastic frequency broadening rather than frictional damping, in analogy to nuclear magnetic resonance. This model is in good agreement with experiment. Additionally, at larger drives the resonance line width is enhanced by nonlinear damping, in qualitative agreement with recent theory of damping by radiation of in-plane phonons. Parametric amplification produced by periodic thermal expansion from the ac drive voltage yields an anomalously large line width at the largest drives. Our results contribute toward a general framework for understanding the mechanisms of dissipation and spectral line broadening in atomically thin membrane resonators.
Additional Information
© 2014 American Chemical Society. Received: October 21, 2013; Revised: March 2, 2014; Published: April 17, 2014. We thank Chun Ning Lau and Paul McEuen for helpful discussions. This work was supported by NSF-DMR-1106358, ONR/DMEA-H94003-10-2-1003 and the UCR CONSEPT Center. S.Y. and P.W. were supported by DOE ER 46940-DESC0010597. This material is based on research sponsored by the Defense Microelectronics Activity (DMEA) under agreement number H94003-10-2-1003. The United States Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes, notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon.Attached Files
Supplemental Material - nl403936a_si_001.pdf
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Additional details
- Eprint ID
- 47149
- DOI
- 10.1021/nl403936a
- Resolver ID
- CaltechAUTHORS:20140710-140046394
- DMR-1106358
- NSF
- H94003-10-2-1003
- ONR/Defense Microelectronics Activity (DMEA)
- University of California Riverside (UCR) CONSEPT Center
- ER 46940-DESC0010597
- Department of Energy (DOE)
- Created
-
2014-07-10Created from EPrint's datestamp field
- Updated
-
2021-11-10Created from EPrint's last_modified field