The diurnal variation of hydrogen, nitrogen, and chlorine radicals: implications for the heterogeneous production of HNO₂
- Creators
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Salawitch, R. J.
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Wofsy, S. C.
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Wennberg, P. O.
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Cohen, R. C.
- Anderson, J. G.
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Fahey, D. W.
- Gao, R. S.
- Keim, E. R.
- Woodbridge, E. L.
- Stimpfle, R. M.
- Koplow, J. P.
- Kohn, D. W.
- Webster, C. R.
- May, R. D.
- Pfister, L.
- Gottlieb, E. W.
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Michelsen, H. A.
- Yue, G. K.
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Prather, M. J.
- Wilson, J. C.
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Brock, C. A.
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Jonsson, H. H.
- Dye, J. E.
- Baumgardner, D.
- Proffitt, M
- Loewenstein, M.
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Podolske, J. R.
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Elkins, J. W.
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Dutton, G. S.
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Hintsa, E. J.
- Dessler, A. E.
- Weinstock, E. M.
- Kelly, K. K.
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Boering, K. A.
- Daube, B. C.
- Chan, K. R.
- Bowen, S. W.
Abstract
In situ measurements of hydrogen, nitrogen, and chlorine radicals obtained through sunrise and sunset in the lower stratosphere during SPADE are compared to results from a photochemical model constrained by observed concentrations of radical precursors and environmental conditions. Models allowing for heterogeneous hydrolysis of N₂O₅ on sulfate aerosols agree with measured concentrations of NO, NO₂, and ClO throughout the day, but fail to account for high concentrations of OH and HO₂ observed near sunrise and sunset. The morning burst of [OH] and [HO₂] coincides with the rise of [NO] from photolysis of NO₂, suggesting a new source of HOₓ that photolyzes in the near UV (350 to 400 nm) spectral region. A model that allows for the heterogeneous production of HNO₂ results in an excellent simulation of the diurnal variations of [OH] and [HO₂].
Additional Information
© 1994 American Geophysical Union. Manuscript Accepted: 19 OCT 1994; Manuscript Received: 29 AUG 1994. Paper number 94GL02782. This work was supported by NASA grants NAG2-731, NAGW-1230, NAS1-19955 and NSF grant ATM-89-21119 to Harvard University. We thank J. Herman and the GSFC processing team for providing data from TOMS and P. Newman and R. Nagatani for providing data from NMC.Attached Files
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Additional details
- Eprint ID
- 46627
- Resolver ID
- CaltechAUTHORS:20140702-094446231
- NASA
- NAG2-731
- NASA
- NAGW-1230
- NASA
- NAS1-19955
- NSF
- ATM-89-21119
- Created
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2014-07-02Created from EPrint's datestamp field
- Updated
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2023-02-24Created from EPrint's last_modified field
- Caltech groups
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences (GPS)