Imaging and Identification of Waterborne Parasites Using a Chip-Scale Microscope
Abstract
We demonstrate a compact portable imaging system for the detection of waterborne parasites in resource-limited settings. The previously demonstrated sub-pixel sweeping microscopy (SPSM) technique is a lens-less imaging scheme that can achieve high-resolution (<1 µm) bright-field imaging over a large field-of-view (5.7 mm×4.3 mm). A chip-scale microscope system, based on the SPSM technique, can be used for automated and high-throughput imaging of protozoan parasite cysts for the effective diagnosis of waterborne enteric parasite infection. We successfully imaged and identified three major types of enteric parasite cysts, Giardia, Cryptosporidium, and Entamoeba, which can be found in fecal samples from infected patients. We believe that this compact imaging system can serve well as a diagnostic device in challenging environments, such as rural settings or emergency outbreaks.
Additional Information
© 2014 Lee et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Received August 28, 2013; Accepted January 22, 2014; Published February 26, 2014. Funding: This work was supported by NIH grant 1R01AI096226-01 (http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/r01.htm); Whittier Foundations agency award 9900040. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing Interest: Guoan Zheng is the ePetri Inc. company President, and owns shares in ePetri Inc. Phil Willems is the ePetri Inc. company CEO, and owns shares in ePetri Inc. Changhuei Yang is the company founder and owns shares in ePetri Inc., and is also a paid consultant for ePetri Inc. Seung Ah Lee, Xiaoze Ou and the California Institute of Technology own shares in ePetri Inc. Some of the work described in this paper is covered by patent applications owned and filed by the California Institute of Technology and licensed to ePetri Inc. Authors Yang, Zheng, Lee and Willems, as named inventors on said patent applications, may receive royalty payments relating to such licensing, pursuant to Caltech's patent policy. Patent details are as follows: E-Petri Dishes, Devices, and Systems Inventors: Zheng, Guoan; Yang, Samuel; Yang, Changhuei; Lee, Seung Ah; Pang, Shuo Serial number : 13/411,302 Status : Filed, Licensed. E-Petri Dishes, Devices, and Systems Inventors: Zheng, Guoan; Lee, Seung Ah; Yang, Changhuei; Yang, Samuel; Judkewitz, Benjamin; Pang, Shuo; Wu, Jigang Serial number: 201280003668.0 Status: Filed, Licensed. E-Petri Dishes, Devices, and Systems Inventors: Zheng, Guoan; Lee, Seung Ah; Yang, Changhuei; Yang, Samuel; Pang, Shuo Serial Number: 12752493.2 Status: Filed, Licensed. Self-Imaging Petri Dish for Microscopic Viral Plaque Assay Inventors: Willems, Phil; Zheng, Guoan; Judkewitz, Benjamin; Han, Chao; Yang, Changhuei Serial Number: 61/738,931 Status: Filed, Licensed. There are no further patents, products in development or marketed products to declare. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials, as detailed online in the guide for authors. The authors thank ePetri Inc. for voluntary contributions. Author Contributions: Conceived and designed the experiments: SAL JE AR CY. Performed the experiments: SAL JE. Analyzed the data: SAL. Contributed reagents/ materials/analysis tools: GZ XO PW DE. Wrote the paper: SAL.Attached Files
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Additional details
- PMCID
- PMC3935895
- Eprint ID
- 44893
- Resolver ID
- CaltechAUTHORS:20140411-140804984
- NIH
- 1R01AI096226-01
- Whittier Foundation
- 9900040
- Created
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2014-04-14Created from EPrint's datestamp field
- Updated
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2021-11-10Created from EPrint's last_modified field