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Published February 21, 2014 | Supplemental Material + Submitted
Journal Article Open

Electroencephalographic field influence on calcium momentum waves

Abstract

Macroscopic electroencephalographic (EEG) fields can be an explicit top-down neocortical mechanism that directly drives bottom-up processes that describe memory, attention, and other neuronal processes. The top-down mechanism considered is macrocolumnar EEG firings in neocortex, as described by a statistical mechanics of neocortical interactions (SMNI), developed as a magnetic vector potential A. The bottom-up process considered is Ca^(2+) waves prominent in synaptic and extracellular processes that are considered to greatly influence neuronal firings. Here, the complimentary effects are considered, i.e., the influence of A on Ca^(2+) momentum, p. The canonical momentum of a charged particle in an electromagnetic field, Π=p+qA (SI units), is calculated, where the charge of Ca^(2+) is q=−2e, e is the magnitude of the charge of an electron. Calculations demonstrate that macroscopic EEG A can be quite influential on the momentum p of Ca^(2+) ions, in both classical and quantum mechanics. Molecular scales of Ca^(2+) wave dynamics are coupled with A fields developed at macroscopic regional scales measured by coherent neuronal firing activity measured by scalp EEG. The project has three main aspects: fitting A models to EEG data as reported here, building tripartite models to develop A models, and studying long coherence times of Ca^(2+) waves in the presence of A due to coherent neuronal firings measured by scalp EEG. The SMNI model supports a mechanism wherein the p+qA interaction at tripartite synapses, via a dynamic centering mechanism (DCM) to control background synaptic activity, acts to maintain short-term memory (STM) during states of selective attention.

Additional Information

© 2013 Elsevier Ltd. Received 14 August 2013. Received in revised form 26 October 2013. Accepted 5 November 2013. We thank the National Science Foundation Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE.org), for grant PHY130022, "Electroencephalographic field influence on calcium momentum waves". Lester Ingber thanks Paul Nunez and William Ross for verification of some experimental data, Charlie Gray for a preprint, and Danko Georgiev and Davide Reato for helpful discussions.

Attached Files

Submitted - 1105.2352v12.pdf

Supplemental Material - mmc1.txt

Supplemental Material - mmc2.pdf

Supplemental Material - mmc3.pdf

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August 22, 2023
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