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Published September 1, 2013 | Published + Erratum + Submitted
Journal Article Open

CARMA observations of protostellar outflows in NGC 1333

Abstract

We present observations of outflows in the star-forming region NGC 1333 using the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-Wave Astronomy (CARMA). We combined the ^(12)CO and ^(13)CO (1-0) CARMA mosaics with data from the 14 m Five College Radio Astronomy Observatory to probe the central, most dense, and active region of this protostellar cluster at scales from 5" to 7' (or 1000 AU to 0.5 pc at a distance of 235 pc). We map and identify ^(12)CO outflows, and along with ^(13)CO data we estimate their mass, momentum, and energy. Within the 7' × 7' map, the 5" resolution allows for a detailed study of morphology and kinematics of outflows and outflow candidates, some of which were previously confused with other outflow emission in the region. In total, we identify 22 outflow lobes, as well as 9 dense circumstellar envelopes marked by continuum emission, of which 6 drive outflows. We calculate a total outflow mass, momentum, and energy within the mapped region of 6 M_☉, 19 M_☉ km s^(–1), and 7 × 10^(44) erg, respectively. Within this same region, we compare outflow kinematics with turbulence and gravitational energy, and we suggest that outflows are likely important agents for the maintenance of turbulence in this region. In the earliest stages of star formation, outflows do not yet contribute enough energy to totally disrupt the clustered region where most star formation is happening, but have the potential to do so as the protostellar sources evolve. Our results can be used to constrain outflow properties, such as outflow strength, in numerical simulations of outflow-driven turbulence in clusters.

Additional Information

© 2013 American Astronomical Society. Received 2013 February 25; accepted 2013 July 8; published 2013 August 12. We thank an anonymous referee for suggestions that strengthened the quality of the paper. A.L.P. thanks J. Carpenter for help with data reduction, and M. Pound for advice on combining interferometer and single dish maps. This material is based upon work supported under a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship, and support from the U.S. Student Program of Fulbright Chile. This project was funded by the NSF under grant AST-0845619 to H.G.A. D.M. gratefully acknowledges support from CONICYT project BASAL PFB-06. Support for CARMA construction was derived from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, the Kenneth T. and Eileen L. Norris Foundation, the James S. McDonnell Foundation, the Associates of the California Institute of Technology, the University of Chicago, the states of California, Illinois, and Maryland, and the NSF. Ongoing CARMA development and operations are supported by the NSF under a cooperative agreement, and by the CARMA partner universities. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. Facilities: CARMA, FCRAO

Errata

Adele L. Plunkett et al 2015 ApJ 815 136

Attached Files

Published - 0004-637X_774_1_22.pdf

Submitted - 1307.3558v1.pdf

Erratum - Plunkett_2015_erratum.pdf

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Additional details

Created:
August 22, 2023
Modified:
October 23, 2023