Color breaking in the early universe

Creators: Patel, Hiren H.; Ramsey-Musolf, Michael J.; Wise, Mark B.

Abstract

We explore the possibility that SU(3)_C was not an exact symmetry at all times in the early Universe, using minimal extensions of the standard model that contain a color triplet scalar field and perhaps other fields. We show that, for a range of temperatures, there can exist a phase in which the free energy is minimized when the color triplet scalar has a nonvanishing vacuum expectation value, spontaneously breaking color. At very high temperatures and at lower temperatures, color symmetry is restored. The breaking of color in this phase is accompanied by the spontaneous breaking of B - L if the color triplet scalar Yukawa couples to quarks and/or leptons. We discuss the requirements on the minimal extensions needed for consistency of this scenario with present collider bounds on new colored scalar particles.

Additional Information

© 2013 American Physical Society. Received 27 March 2013; published 2 July 2013. We thank G. Senjanovic for helpful discussions and for pointing out references to some of the earlier literature. This work of was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy Contracts No. DE-FG02-08ER41531 (H. H. P. and M. J. R.-M.) and No. DE-FG02-92ER40701 (M. B.W.) and by the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation (H. H. P. and M. J. R.-M.). The research of M. B.W. was supported in part by the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics. Research at the Perimeter Institute is supported by the government of Canada and by the province of Ontario through the Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation.

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Published - PhysRevD.88.015003.pdf

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