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Published August 2012 | Accepted Version
Journal Article Open

Formation and migration of neural crest cells in the vertebrate embryo

Abstract

The neural crest is a stem cell population, unique to vertebrates, that gives rise to a vast array of derivatives, ranging from peripheral ganglia to the facial skeleton. This population is induced in the early embryo at the border of the neural plate, which will form the central nervous system (CNS). After neural tube closure, neural crest cells depart from the dorsal CNS via an epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), forming a migratory mesenchymal cell type that migrates extensive to diverse locations in the embryo. Using in vivo loss-of-function approaches and cis-regulatory analysis coupled with live imaging, we have investigated the gene regulatory network that mediates formation of this fascinating cell type. The results show that a combination of transcriptional inputs and epigenetic modifiers control the timing of onset of neural crest gene expression. This in turn leads to the EMT process that produces this migratory cell population.

Additional Information

© 2012 Springer-Verlag. Accepted: 20 June 2012; Published online: 22 July 2012. Robert Feulgen Lecture presented at the 54th Symposium of the Society for Histochemistry in Vienna, Austria, 5–8 September 2012. This work was partially supported by NIH Grant HD037105 to MEB. I thank Drs. Marcos Simoes-Costa, Shuyi Nie, and Pablo Strobl-Mazzulla for providing figures.

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