Multiplexed, High Density Electrophysiology with Nanofabricated Neural Probes
Abstract
Extracellular electrode arrays can reveal the neuronal network correlates of behavior with single-cell, single-spike, and sub-millisecond resolution. However, implantable electrodes are inherently invasive, and efforts to scale up the number and density of recording sites must compromise on device size in order to connect the electrodes. Here, we report on silicon-based neural probes employing nanofabricated, high-density electrical leads. Furthermore, we address the challenge of reading out multichannel data with an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) performing signal amplification, band-pass filtering, and multiplexing functions. We demonstrate high spatial resolution extracellular measurements with a fully integrated, low noise 64-channel system weighing just 330 mg. The on-chip multiplexers make possible recordings with substantially fewer external wires than the number of input channels. By combining nanofabricated probes with ASICs we have implemented a system for performing large-scale, high-density electrophysiology in small, freely behaving animals that is both minimally invasive and highly scalable.
Additional Information
© 2011 Du et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Received August 13, 2011; Accepted September 22, 2011; Published October 12, 2011. Editor: Hiromu Tanimoto, Max-Planck-Institut für Neurobiologie, Germany. Funding: J.D. and S.C.M. gratefully acknowledge support from the Broad Fellowship Program in Brain Circuitry and the Della Martin Fund for Discoveries in Mental Illness. T.J.B. was supported by NIH-5R21NS066260. H.A.L. acknowledges funding by NIH DA017279. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. We thank K. M. Scott and O. Mazor for advice on spike sorting, G. DeRose for assistance with electron-beam lithography, M. L. Roukes for device fabrication materials and equipment support, C. Xiao and A. D. Steele for animal support, and R. E. Penton for proofreading the manuscript. We thank the staff at the Kavli Nanoscience Institute at Caltech, and the Nanoelectronics Research Facility at UCLA for device fabrication support. Author Contributions: Conceived and designed the experiments: JD TJB RRH SCM. Performed the experiments: JD TJB RRH SCM. Analyzed the data: JD TJB RRH SCM. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JD TJB RRH HAL SCM. Wrote the paper: JD TJB RRH HAL SCM.Attached Files
Published - Du2011p16224Plos_One.pdf
Supplemental Material - FigureS1.tif
Supplemental Material - TableS1.docx
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Additional details
- PMCID
- PMC3192171
- Eprint ID
- 27747
- Resolver ID
- CaltechAUTHORS:20111111-102216534
- Broad Fellowship Program in Brain Circuitry
- Della Martin Fund for Discoveries in Mental Illness
- NIH
- DA017279
- NIH
- 5R21NS066260
- Created
-
2012-01-18Created from EPrint's datestamp field
- Updated
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2023-10-23Created from EPrint's last_modified field
- Caltech groups
- Kavli Nanoscience Institute