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Published June 4, 2010 | Accepted Version + Supplemental Material
Journal Article Open

Permissive Secondary Mutations Enable the Evolution of Influenza Oseltamivir Resistance

Abstract

The His^(274)→Tyr^(274) (H274Y) mutation confers oseltamivir resistance on N1 influenza neuraminidase but had long been thought to compromise viral fitness. However, beginning in 2007–2008, viruses containing H274Y rapidly became predominant among human seasonal H1N1 isolates. We show that H274Y decreases the amount of neuraminidase that reaches the cell surface and that this defect can be counteracted by secondary mutations that also restore viral fitness. Two such mutations occurred in seasonal H1N1 shortly before the widespread appearance of H274Y. The evolution of oseltamivir resistance was therefore enabled by "permissive" mutations that allowed the virus to tolerate subsequent occurrences of H274Y. An understanding of this process may provide a basis for predicting the evolution of oseltamivir resistance in other influenza strains.

Additional Information

© 2010 American Association for the Advancement of Science. Received 2 February 2010; accepted 9 April 2010. J.D.B. was supported by a Beckman Institute Postdoctoral Fellowship and the Irvington Institute Fellowship Program of the Cancer Research Institute. L.I.G. was supported by a Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship from the California Institute of Technology. Oseltamivir carboxylate was kindly provided by Roche.

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Accepted Version - nihms217728.pdf

Supplemental Material - 1.pdf

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